Author
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BREWER, G - NDSU |
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CHARLET, LAURENCE |
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Submitted to: Proceedings Sunflower Research Workshop
Publication Type: Proceedings Publication Acceptance Date: 2/15/1997 Publication Date: N/A Citation: N/A Interpretive Summary: The sunflower midge can be found from Canada to Texas, but has been an economic pest on cultivated sunflower only in the Northern Plains, especially the Red River Valley of the U.S. and Canada. Feeding by the larvae can result in abnormal size and shape of infested heads and destruction of seeds in the head. When populations of the midge are heavy, damage will extend into the field and substantial losses can occur. For the last three years there has been a resurgence of the sunflower midge populations. Early efforts looked at insecti- cides, planting dates, and genetic resistance. None of those control strategies gave consistent and adequate results. The possible reasons for their failure are discussed. Additional research is urgently needed to prevent continued crop losses and subsequent reduction in the acreage planted to this important crop. Future research efforts should take three approaches: development of genetic resistance through screen- ing of current hybrids and breeding lines, studies of midge emergence and flight activity patterns, and increased insec- ticide efficacy through research on timing, rates, and appli- cation methods. Technical Abstract: The sunflower midge can be found from Canada to Texas, but has been an economic pest on cultivated sunflower only in the Northern Plains, especially the Red River Valley of the U.S. and Canada. Feeding by the larvae can result in abnormal size and shape of infested heads and destruction of seeds in the head. When populations of the midge are heavy, damage will extend into the field and substantial losses can occur. For the last three years there has been a resurgence of the sunflower midge populations. Early efforts looked at insecti- cides, planting dates, and genetic resistance. None of those control strategies gave consistent and adequate results. The possible reasons for their failure are discussed. Additional research is urgently needed to prevent continued crop losses and subsequent reduction in the acreage planted to this important crop. Future research efforts should take three approaches: development of genetic resistance through screen- ing of current hybrids and breeding lines, studies of midge emergence and flight activity patterns, and increased insec- ticide efficacy through research on timing, rates, and appli- cation methods. |
