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Title: GENOTYPIC ANALYSIS OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII ISOLATES FROM PIGS

Author
item MONDRAGON, RICARDO - WASH UNIV SCHOOL MEDICINE
item HOWE, DANIEL - WASHINGTON UNIV SC MED
item Dubey, Jitender

Submitted to: Journal of Parasitology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/3/1998
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: Humans become infected with the single celled parasite Toxoplasma gondii by ingesting food or water contaminated with oocysts from infected cat feces or by ingesting tissue cysts from uncooked contaminated meat containing encysted T. gondii. Among food animals, pigs, sheep, and goats are more commonly infected with T. gondii than cattle. Scientists at the Beltsville Agricultural Research Center and the Washington School of Medicine, St. Louis have determined that the genotype of T. gondii isolates obtained from tissues of pigs slaughtered in Iowa were the same as those found in human beings. These studies will be of interest to public health workers, veterinarians and parasitologists.

Technical Abstract: To determine the prevalence of the 3 primary clonal lineages of Toxoplasma gondii (strain types I, II, and III) in a potential food source of infection for humans, we analyzed 43 isolates of T. gondii that had been collected from pigs at an abattoir in Iowa. Parasites were harvested as in vitro-grown tachyzoites, and their genotypes were determined at the SAG1 and SAG2 loci. Based on the allele identified at the SAG2 locus, isolates were grouped into one of the three primary lineages. Type II strains were by far the most prevalent, accounting for 83.7% of the isolates. The type III genotype was identified in only 16.3% of the isolates. These prevalences differ significantly from a previous sampling of isolates from animals, but are similar to the frequencies with which they occur in human disease cases. Similar to the previously-characterized strain P89, strains P62 and P105 appeared to have recombinant genotypes. The type I genotype was not identified in the isolates from pigs, although these strains have previously been shown to account for approximately 10-25% of toxoplasmosis cases in humans.