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ARS Home » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #92766
Title: REVIEW AND FUTURE PROSPECTUS ON THE IMPACTS OF HERBICIDE RESISTANT MAIZE ON WEED MANAGEMENT

Author
item HART, STEPHEN - UNIV OF ILLINOIS
item WAX, LOYD

Submitted to: Maydica
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 1/12/1999
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: Advances in plant biotechnology have allowed the development of a number of herbicide resistant crops (HRCs) that offer new approaches to managing weeds. With maize, several types of herbicide-resistant systems have been investigated. Imidazolinone-resistant maize (IMI-maize) offers the option of using this class of herbicide to provide broad spectrum control of weeds with excellent results. Sethoxydim resistant maize (SR maize) allows the use of sethoxydim as a safe and effective postemergence (POST) treatment for grass control and is more environmentally benign than some of the standard soil-applied treatments. Glufosinate resistant maize (GR maize) systems allow the opportunity to use POST applications of glufosinate for selective control of a broad spectrum of annual weeds. This herbicide possesses a unique mode of action that could be helpful in managing resistant weed biotypes. Glyphosate resistant maize (GLR) systems allow for selective use of glyphosate to control a wide spectrum of annual and perennial weeds in maize. To make major impacts, these systems must be safe to the crop, and the systems must be economically competitive with standard weed management practices. These systems offer new options to the grower and will fit niches of the market better than do many of the standard practices used. Some will provide more environmentally friendly weed management practices than are now used. These findings should be beneficial to ARS and other public as well as private researchers who are planning research and providing guidelines to growers regarding improved weed management systems in maize.

Technical Abstract: Advances in plant biotechnology have allowed the development of a number of herbicide resistant crops (HRCs). These developments offer new approaches to managing weeds in cropping systems. With maize, several types of herbicide-resistant systems have been commercialized. Imidazolinone-resistant maize (IMI-maize) offers the option of using this class of herbicide to provide broad spectrum control of weeds with excellent results in many circumstances. Sethoxydim resistant maize (SR maize) allows the use of sethoxydim as a safe and effective postemergence (POST) treatment for grass control and is more environmentally benign than some of the standard soil-applied treatments. Glufosinate resistant maize (GR maize) systems allow the opportunity to use POST applications of glufosinate for selective control of a broad spectrum of annual weeds. This herbicide possesses a unique mode of action that could be helpful in managing resistant weed biotypes. Glyphosate resistant maize (GLR) systems allow for selective use of glyphosate to control a wide spectrum of annual and perennial weeds in maize. They all offer some advantages over currently used systems. To make major impacts, these systems must be shown to be safe to the crop, the resistant hybrids will need to have similar agronomic performance as do non-resistant hybrids, and the systems must be economically competitive with standard weed management practices.