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Dr. Randy L. Raper Publications
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  1. Raper, R.L., E.B. Schwab, F.J. Arriaga, K.S. Balkcom, A.J. Price, and T.S. Kornecki. 2011. Effects of cover crop removal on a cotton-peanut rotation. Trans. ASABE 54:1213-1218. pdf

  2. Rocateli, A.C., R.L. Raper, K.S. Balkcom, F.J. Arriaga, and D.I. Bransby. 2011. Biomass sorghum production and components under different irrigation/tillage systems for the southeastern U.S. Ind. Crops Prod. 36:589-598. pdf

  3. Arriaga, F.J., T.S. Kornecki, K.S. Balkcom, and R.L. Raper. 2010. A method for automating data collection from a double-ring infiltrometer under falling head conditions. Soil Use Mgmt. 26:61-67. pdf 

  4. Balkcom, K.S., D.W. Reeves, J.M. Kemble, R.A. Dawkins, and R.L. Raper. 2010. Tillage requirements of sweet corn, field pea, and watermelon following stocker cattle grazing. J. Sustain. Agric. 34:169-182. pdf 

  5. Bergtold, J.S., R.L. Raper, and E.B. Schwab. 2009. The economic benefits of improving the proximity of tillage and planting operations in cotton production with automatic steering. Appl. Eng. Agric. 25:133-143. pdf 

  6. Gacengo, C.N., C.W. Wood, J.N. Shaw, R.L. Raper, and K.S. Balkcom. 2009. Agroecosystem management effects on greenhouse gas emissions across a Coastal Plain catena. Soil Sci. 174-229-237. pdf

  7. Kornecki, T.S., A.J. Price, R.L. Raper, and F.J. Arriaga. 2009. New roller crimper concepts for mechanical termination of cover crops in conservation agriculture. Renew. Agric. Food Sys. 24:165-173. pdf

  8. Kornecki, T.S., A.J. Price, R.L. Raper, F.J. Arriaga, and E.B. Schwab. 2009. Effects of multiple rolling cover crops on their termination, soil water, and soil strength. In  ISTRO 18th Triennial Conf. Proc., Izmir, Turkey. 15-19 June 2009. ISTRO. pdf 

  9. Kornecki, T.S., A.J. Price, R.L. Raper, and J. Bergtold. 2009. Effectiveness of different herbicide applicators mounted on a roller/crimper for accelerated rye cover crop termination. Am. Soc. Agric. Biol. Eng. 25:819-826. pdf 

  10. Kornecki, T.S., R.L. Raper, F.J. Arriaga, E.B. Schwab, and J.S. Bergtold. 2009. Impact of rye rolling direction and different no-till row-cleaners on cotton emergence and yield. Trans. ASABE 52:383-391. pdf

  11. Price, A.J., F.J. Arriaga, R.L. Raper, K.S. Balkcom, T.S. Kornecki, and D.W. Reeves. 2009. Comparison of mechanical and chemical winter cereal cover crop termination systems and cotton yield in conservation agriculture. J. Cotton Sci. 13:238-245. pdf 

  12. Raper, R.L., K.S. Balkcom, F.J. Arriaga, A.J. Price, T.S. Kornecki, and E.B. Schwab. 2009. Benefits of uniform row spacing in a cotton-corn conservation system. p. 1514-1519. In S. Boyd, et al. (eds.)  Beltwide Cotton Conf., San Antonio, TX. 5-8 January 2009. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am., Memphis, TN. pdf 

  13. Raper, R.L., and E.B. Schwab. 2009. Development of an in-row subsoiler attachment to reduce smearing. Appl. Eng. Agric. 25:495-503. pdf 

  14. Raper, R.L., E.B. Schwab, J. Bergtold, A.J. Price, K.S. Balkcom, F.J. Arriaga, and T.S. Kornecki. 2009. Maximizing cotton production and rye cover crop biomass through timely in-row subsoiling. Appl. Eng. Agric. 25:321-328. pdf 

  15. Rocateli, A.C., R.L. Raper, F.J. Arriaga, K.S. Balkcom, and D. Bransby. 2009. Effect of conservation systems and irrigation on potential bioenergy crops. p. 68-73. In  M.S. Reiter (ed.)  Proc. 31st Southern Conserv. Agric. Systems Conf., Melfa, VA. 20-23 July 2009. Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ., Painter, VA. pdf 

  16. Rui-Simoes, P., R.L. Raper, F.J. Arriaga, K.S. Balkcom, and J.N. Shaw. 2009. Using conservation systems to alleviate soil compaction in a southeastern United States ultisol. Soil Tillage Res. 104:106-114. pdf

  17. Schomberg, H.H., D.W. Reeves, D.S. Fisher, R.L. Raper, D.M. Endale, and M.B. Jenkins. 2009. Evaluating stocker cattle in a southern Piedmont conservation tillage cotton-cover crop system to increase productivity. p. 98-102. In  M.S. Reiter (ed.)  Proc. 31st Southern Conserv. Agric. Systems Conf., Melfa, VA. 20-23 July 2009. Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ., Painter, VA. pdf 

  18. Schomberg, H.H., S. Wietholter, T. Griffin, D.W. Reeves, M. Cabrera, A.J. Franzluebbers, D.S. Fisher, D.M. Endale, J. Novak, K.S. Balkcom, R.L. Raper, N. Kitchen, M. Locke, K. Potter, R.C. Schwartz, C.C. Truman, and D. Tyler. 2009. Assessing indices for predicting potential N mineralization in pedogenically distinct soils under diferent tillage management systems. Soi. Sci. Soc. Am. J. 73:1575-1586. pdf 

  19. Tekeste, M.Z., R.L. Raper, E.B. Schwab, and L. Seymour. 2009. Soil drying effects on spatial variability of soil hardpan attributes on Pacolet Sandy Loam soil. Am. Soc. Agric. Biol. Eng. 52:697-705. pdf 

  20. Arriaga, F.J., R.L. Raper, K.S. Balkcom, T.S. Kornecki, A.J. Price, and J.S. Bergtold. 2008. Benefits of alternating the shank location on a bent-leg strip-till. p. 1608-1611. In S. Boyd, et al., (eds.) Proc. 2008 Beltwide Cotton Conf., Nashville, TN. 8-11 January 2008. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am. pdf 

  21. Bergtold, J.S., K.S. Balkcom, F.J. Arriaga, T.S. Kornecki, A.J. Price, and R.L. Raper. 2008. Conservation tillage, irrigation and variety selection impacts on cotton quality premiums, discounts and profitability: Evidence from the gin. In D.M. Endale, (ed.) Proc. 30th Southern Conserv. Agric. Syst. Conf. and 8th Annu. Georgia Conserv. Prod. Syst. Trng. Conf., Tifton, GA. 29-31 July 2008. SCASC. pdf 

  22. Causarano, H.J., A.J. Franzluebbers, J.N. Shaw, D.W. Reeves, R.L. Raper, and C.W. Wood. 2008. Soil organic carbon fractions and aggregation in the southern Piedmont and Coastal Plain. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 72:221-230. pdf 

  23. Kichler, C.M., J.P. Fulton, R.L. Raper, W.C. Zech, T.P. McDonald, and E.B. Schwab. 2008. Effects of transmission speed on equipment performance and utilizing spatial equipment performance data for management decisions. In D.M. Endale, (ed.) Proc. 30th Southern Conserv. Agric. Syst. Conf. and 8th Annu. Georgia Conserv. Prod. Syst. Trng. Conf., Tifton, GA. 29-31 July 2008. SCASC. pdf 

  24. Kornecki, T.S., A.J. Price, R.L. Raper, F.J. Arriaga, and E.B. Schwab. 2008. Effects of rolling/crimping of cover crops on their termination, soil strength and moisture. In D.M. Endale, (ed.) Proc. 30th Southern Conserv. Agric. Syst. Conf. and 8th Annu. Georgia Conserv. Prod. Syst. Trng. Conf., Tifton, GA. 29-31 July 2008. SCASC. pdf 

  25. Price, A.J., K.S. Balkcom, F.J. Arriaga, J.S. Bergtold, R.L. Raper, and T.S. Kornecki. 2008. Tillage system and cereal rye residue affects pigweed establishment and competitiveness in cotton. p. 1703-1710. In S. Boyd, et al., (eds.) Proc. 2008 Beltwide Cotton Conf., Nashville, TN. 8-11 January 2008. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am. pdf 

  26. Price, A.J., M.E. Stoll, J.S. Bergtold, F.J. Arriaga, K.S. Balkcom, T.S. Kornecki, and R.L. Raper. 2008. Effect of cover crop extracts on cotton and radish radicle elongation. Commun. Biometry Crop Sci. 3:60-66. pdf 

  27. Raper, R.L., F.J. Arriaga, K.S. Balkcom, J.N. Shaw, D.W. Reeves, and E.B. Schwab. 2008. Conservation system and landscape effects on soil strength in a cotton/corn rotation. p. 1603-1607. In S. Boyd, et al., (eds.) Proc. 2008 Beltwide Cotton Conf., Nashville, TN. 8-11 January 2008. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am. pdf 

  28. Raper, R.L., J.S. Bergtold, and E.B. Schwab. 2008. Effect of row proximity to in-row subsoiled zones on cotton productivity. Appl. Agric. 24:573-579. pdf .

  29. Raper, R.L., and E.B. Schwab. 2008. Development of an in-row subsoiler attachment to reduce smearing. ASABE Mtg. Paper 084256. ASABE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  30. Raper, R.L., E.B. Schwab, J.S. Bergtold, A.J. Price, K.S. Balkcom, F.J. Arriaga, and T.S. Kornecki. 2008. Maximizing cotton production and rye cover crop biomass through timely in-row subsoiling. In D.M. Endale, (ed.) Proc. 30th Southern Conserv. Agric. Syst. Conf. and 8th Annu. Georgia Conserv. Prod. Syst. Trng. Conf., Tifton, GA. 29-31 July 2008. SCASC. pdf 

  31. Roberson, T., K.C. Reddy, S.S. Reddy, E.Z. Nyakatawa, R.L. Raper, D.W. Reeves, and J. Lemunyon. 2008. Carbon dioxide efflux from soil with poultry litter applications in conventional and conservation tillage systems in northern Alabama. J. Environ. Qual. 37:535-541. pdf 

  32. Rui-Simoes, P., R.L. Raper, K.S. Balkcom, F.J. Arriaga, J.N. Shaw, and E.B. Schwab. 2008. Total carbon, bulk density and soil strength affected by conservation systems. p. 1673-1677. In S. Boyd, et al., (eds.) Proc. 2008 Beltwide Cotton Conf., Nashville, TN. 8-11 January 2008. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am. pdf 

  33. Saini, M., A.J. Price, E. van Santen, F.J. Arriaga, K.S. Balkcom, and R.L. Raper. 2008. Planting and termination dates affect winter cover crop biomass in a conservation-tillage corn-cotton rotation: Implications for weed control and yield. In D.M. Endale, (ed.) Proc. 30th Southern Conserv. Agric. Syst. Conf. and 8th Annu. Georgia Conserv. Prod. Syst. Trng. Conf., Tifton, GA. 29-31 July 2008. SCASC. pdf 

  34. Schomberg, H.H., D.W. Reeves, D.S. Fisher, R.L. Raper, D.M. Endale, and M.B. Jenkins. 2008. Evaluating stocker cattle in a southern Piedmont conservation tillage cotton-cover crop system to increase productivity. In D.M. Endale, (ed.) Proc. 30th Southern Conserv. Agric. Syst. Conf. and 8th Annu. Georgia Conserv. Prod. Syst. Trng. Conf., Tifton, GA. 29-31 July 2008. SCASC. pdf 

  35. Tekeste, M.Z., R.L. Raper, and E.B. Schwab. 2008. Soil drying effects on soil strength and depth of hardpan layers as determined from cone index data. Agric. Eng. Intl.: the CIGR Ejournal Manuscript LW 07 010. Vol. X. Dec., 2008. pdf 

  36. Arriaga, F.J., K.S. Balkcom, R.L. Raper, and T.S. Kornecki. 2007. Alternating the shank location on a paratill every other year provides some benefits. In D.L. Wright, et al., (eds.) Proc. 2007 Southern Conserv. Agric. Syst. Conf., Quincy, FL. 25-27 June 2007. Univ. Florida. pdf 

  37. Biscaro, A.S., F.J. Arriaga, K.S. Balkcom, J.N. Shaw, E. van Santen, J.S. Bergtold, R.L. Raper, and D.W. Reeves. 2007. Assessment of soil physical properties on different management practices and landscape positions. In D.L. Wright, et al., (eds.) Proc. 2007 Southern Conserv. Agric. Syst. Conf., Quincy, FL. 25-27 June 2007. Univ. Florida. pdf 

  38. Causarano, H.J., J.N. Shaw, A.J. Franzluebbers, D.W. Reeves, R.L. Raper, K.S. Balkcom, M.L. Norfleet, and R.C. Izaurralde. 2007. Simulating field-scale soil organic carbon dynamics using EPIC. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 71:1174-1185. pdf 

  39. Kichler, C.M., J.P. Fulton, R.L. Raper, W.C. Zech, T.P. McDonald, and C.J. Brodbeck. 2007. Spatially monitoring tractor performance to evaluate energy requirements of variable depth tillage and implement selection. ASABE Mtg. Paper 071028. ASABE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  40. Kornecki, T.S., A.J. Price, R.L. Raper, F.J. Arriaga, and Q.M. Stoll. 2007. Roller type and operating speed effects on rye kill rates, soil moisture and irrigated sweet corn yield in an Alabama no-till system. In D.L. Wright, et al., (eds.) Proc. 2007 Southern Conserv. Agric. Syst. Conf., Quincy, FL. 25-27 June 2007. Univ. Florida. pdf 

  41. Kornecki, T.S., A.J. Price, R.L. Raper, and Q.M. Stoll. 2007. Effectiveness of different herbicide applicators mounted on a roller/crimper for accelerated termination of rye cover crop. ASABE Mtg. Paper 071074. ASABE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  42. Raper, R.L. 2007. In-row subsoilers that reduce soil compaction and residue disturbance. Appl. Eng. Agric. 23:253-258. pdf 

  43. Raper, R.L., and F.J. Arriaga. 2007. Comparing peak and residual soil pressures measured by pressure bulbs and stress-state transducers. Trans. ASABE 50:339-344. pdf 

  44. Raper, R.L., F.J. Arriaga, K.S. Balkcom, J.S. Bergtold, T.S. Kornecki, A.J. Price, and E.B. Schwab. 2007. Effect of timing of in-row subsoiling on soil properties, cover crop production, and cotton production. ASABE Mtg. Paper 071103. ASABE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  45. Raper, R.L., and J.S. Bergtold. 2007. In-row subsoiling: A review and suggestions for reducing cost of this conservation tillage operation. Appl. Eng. Agric. 23:463-471. pdf 

  46. Raper, R.L., and D.W. Reeves. 2007. In-row subsoiling and controlled traffic effects on coastal plain soils. Trans. ASAE 50:1109-1115. pdf 

  47. Raper, R.L., D.W. Reeves, J.N. Shaw, E. van Santen, and P.L. Mask. 2007. Benefits of site-specific subsoiling for cotton production in coastal plain soils. Soil Tillage Res. 96:174-181. pdf 

  48. Rui-Simoes, P., R.L. Raper, F.J. Arriaga, K.S. Balkcom, and J.N. Shaw. 2007. Reduction of soil compaction in a cotton and peanut rotation using conservation systems. In D.L. Wright, et al., (eds.) Proc. 2007 Southern Conserv. Agric. Syst. Conf., Quincy, FL. 25-27 June 2007. Univ. Florida. pdf 

  49. Schomberg, H.H., D.W. Reeves, D.S. Fisher, R.L. Raper, D.M. Endale, and M.B. Jenkins. 2007. Integrating cattle in a southern Piedmont conservation tillage cotton-cover crop system. In D.L. Wright, et al., (eds.) Proc. 2007 Southern Conserv. Agric. Syst. Conf., Quincy, FL. 25-27 June 2007. Univ. Florida. pdf 

  50. Siri-Prieto, G., D.W. Reeves, and R.L. Raper. 2007. Tillage systems for a cotton-peanut rotation with winter-annual grazing: Impacts on soil carbon, nitrogen and physical properties. Soil Tillage Res. 96:260-268. pdf 

  51. Siri-Prieto, G., D.W. Reeves, and R.L. Raper. 2007. Tillage requirements for integrating winter-annual grazing in cotton production: Plant water status and productivity. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 71:197-205. pdf 

  52. Stone, H.D., J.N. Shaw, D. Rodekohr, K.S. Balkcom, R.L. Raper, and D.W. Reeves. 2007. Multivariate crop productivity zones in the Alabama coastal plain. In D.L. Wright, et al., (eds.) Proc. 2007 Southern Conserv. Agric. Syst. Conf., Quincy, FL. 25-27 June 2007. Univ. Florida. pdf 

  53. Tekeste, M.Z., R.L. Raper, E.W. Tollner, and T.R. Way. 2007. Finite element analysis of cone penetration in soil for prediction of hardpan location. Trans. ASABE 50:23-31. pdf 

  54. Zhang, J.G., R.L. Raper, K.S. Balkcom, F.J. Arriaga, T.S. Kornecki, and E.B. Schwab. 2007. Drawbar power requirements and soil disruption of in-row subsoiler points for conservation tillage. In D.L. Wright, et al., (eds.) Proc. 2007 Southern Conserv. Agric. Syst. Conf., Quincy, FL. 25-27 June 2007. Univ. Florida. pdf 

  55. Arriaga, F.J., K.S. Balkcom, A.J. Price, and R.L. Raper. 2006. Tillage timing of different implements for cotton production in a coastal plain soil of central Alabama, USA. p. 490-495. In Proc. 17th Int. Soil Tillage Res. Org. Conf., Kiel, Germany. 28 Aug. - 3 Sept. 2006. ISTRO. pdf 

  56. Arriaga, F.J., A.J. Price, and R.L. Raper. 2006. Winter cover biomass production and soil penetrability. In R.C. Schwartz, et al., (eds.) Proc. 28th Southern Conserv. Tillage Syst. Conf., Amarillo, TX. 26-28 June 2006. USDA-ARS Conserv. Prod. Res. Lab. pdf 

  57. Balkcom, K.S., F.J. Arriaga, and R.L. Raper. 2006. Conservation systems for cotton production in central Alabama. p. 462-466. In Proc. 17th Int. Soil Tillage Res. Org. Conf., Kiel, Germany. 28 Aug. - 3 Sept. 2006. ISTRO. pdf 

  58. Kornecki, T.S., A.J. Price, and R.L. Raper. 2006. Performance of different roller designs in terminating rye cover crop and reducing vibration. Appl. Eng. Agric. 22:633-641. pdf 

  59. Kornecki, T.S., A.J. Price, R.L. Raper, and Q.M. Stoll. 2006. Effectiveness of different roller designs on managing rye as a cover crop in no-till cotton. p. 151-161. In R.C. Schwartz, et al., (eds.) Proc. 28th Southern Conserv. Tillage Syst. Conf., Amarillo, TX. 26-28 June 2006. USDA-ARS Conserv. Prod. Res. Lab. pdf 

  60. Raper, R.L. 2006. In-row subsoiling southeastern soils to reduce compaction and improve yields. In R.C. Schwartz, et al., (eds.) Proc. 28th Southern Conserv. Tillage Syst. Conf., Amarillo, TX. 26-28 June 2006. USDA-ARS Conserv. Prod. Res. Lab. pdf 

  61. Raper, R.L., and J.S. Bergtold. 2006. Using in-row subsoiling and cover crops to increase use of conservation agriculture in the southern U.S. ASABE Mtg. Paper 061039. ASABE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  62. Raper, R.L., and J. Mac Kirby. 2006. Soil compaction: How to do it, undo it, or avoid doing  it. In 2006 Agric. Equip. Technol. Conf., Louisville, KY. 12-14 February 2006. Am. Soc. Agric. Biol. Eng. pdf .  

  63. Tekeste, M.Z., R.L. Raper, E.W. Tollner, and L. Seymour. 2006. Optimal spatial sampling schemes for mapping soil strength on a southeastern US soil. ASABE Mtg. Paper 061149. ASABE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf   

  64. Tekeste, M.Z., E.W. Tollner, R.L. Raper, T.R. Way, and C.E. Johnson. 2006. Non-linear fine element analysis of cone penetration in layered sandy loam soil: Considering the precompression stress state. In F. Zazueta, et al., (eds.)Computers Agric. Nat. Res., 4th World Congr. Conf., Orlando, FL. 24-26 July 2006. ASABE. pdf 

  65. Terra, J.A., J.N. Shaw, D.W. Reeves, R.L. Raper, E. van Santen, E.B. Schwab, and P.L. Mask. 2006. Soil management and landscape variability affects field-scale cotton productivity. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 70:98-107. pdf 

  66. Terra, J.A., J.N. Shaw, D.W. Reeves, E. van Santen, R.L. Raper, K.S. Balkcom, E.B. Schwab, and P.L. Mask. 2006. Soil management practices and landscape attribute impacts on field-scale corn productivity. p. 1275-1281. In Proc. 17th Int. Conf. Int. Soil Tillage Res. Org., Kiel, Germany. 28 Aug.-3 Sept. 2006. ISTRO. pdf 

  67. Ward, J.K., F.J. Arriaga, K.S. Balkcom, T.S. Kornecki, J. Bergtold, A.J. Price, and R.L. Raper. 2006. Effects of conservation systems on soil moisture and productivity in cotton. ASABE Mtg. Paper 061038. ASABE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  68. Arriaga, F.J., K.S. Balkcom, and R.L. Raper. 2005. Influence of conservation tillage and cover crops on soil moisture and leaf cotton temperature. p. 2558-2561. In P. Dugger and D. Richter, (eds.) Proc. Beltwide Cotton Conf., New Orleans, LA. 4-7 January 2005. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am. pdf 

  69. Arriaga, F.J., K.S. Balkcom, and R.L. Raper. 2005. Soil moisture and cotton leaf temperature in conservation systems. p. 111-112. In W.J. Busscher, et al., (eds.) 27th Southern Conserv. Tillage Syst. Conf., Florence, SC. 27-29 June 2005. Clemson Univ. pdf 

  70. Balkcom, K.S., J.A. Terra, J.N. Shaw, D.W. Reeves, and R.L. Raper. 2005. Soil management system and landscape position interactions on nutrient distribution in a Coastal Plain field. J. Soil Water Conserv. 60:431-437. pdf 

  71. Bergtold, J., J.A. Terra, D.W. Reeves, J.N. Shaw, K.S. Balkcom, and R.L. Raper. 2005. Profitability and risk associated with alternative mixtures of high-residue cover crops. p. 113-121. In W.J. Busscher, et al., (eds.) 27th Southern Conserv. Tillage Syst. Conf., Florence, SC. 27-29 June 2005. Clemson Univ. pdf 

  72. Chiroux, R.C., W.A. Foster, C.E. Johnson, S.A. Shoop, and R.L. Raper. 2005. Three-dimensional finite element analysis of soil interaction with a rigid wheel. Appl. Math Comput. 162:707-722. pdf 

  73. Grift, T.E., M.Z. Tekeste, and R.L. Raper. 2005. Acoustic compaction layer detection. Trans. ASAE 48:1723-1730. pdf 

  74. Hall, H.E., and R.L. Raper. 2005. Development and concept evaluation of an on-the-go soil strength measurement system. Trans. ASAE 48:469-477. pdf 

  75. Kornecki, T.S., R.L. Raper, F.J. Arriaga, K.S. Balkcom, and A.J. Price. 2005. Effects of rolling/crimping rye direction and different row-cleaning attachments on cotton emergence and yield. p. 169-177. In W.J. Busscher, et al., (eds.) 27th Southern Conserv. Tillage Syst. Conf., Florence, SC. 27-29 June 2005. Clemson Univ. pdf 

  76. Raper, R.L. 2005. Subsoiler shapes for site-specific tillage. Appl. Eng. Agric. 21:25-30. pdf 

  77. Raper, R.L. 2005. Agricultural traffic impacts on soil. J. Terramech. 42:259-280. pdf 

  78. Raper, R.L. 2005. Force requirements and soil disruption of straight and bentleg subsoilers for conservation tillage systems. Appl. Eng. Agric. 21:787-794. pdf 

  79. Raper, R.L., and F.J. Arriaga. 2005. Effect of vehicle load, transducer depth, and transducer type on soil pressures. ASAE Mtg. Paper 051159. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf .

  80. Raper, R.L., D.W. Reeves, J.N. Shaw, E. van Santen, and P.L. Mask. 2005. Site-specific subsoiling benefits for cotton production. ASAE Mtg. Paper 051025. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  81. Raper, R.L., D.W. Reeves, J.N. Shaw, E. van Santen, and P.L. Mask. 2005. Using site-specific subsoiling to minimize draft and optimize corn yields. Trans. ASAE 48:2047-2052. pdf 

  82. Raper, R.L., E.B. Schwab, and K.S. Balkcom. 2005. Frequency of in-row subsoiling necessary for coastal plains soils. p. 2488-2491. In P. Dugger and D. Richter, (eds.) Proc. Beltwide Cotton Conf., New Orleans, LA. 4-7 January 2005. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am. pdf 

  83. Raper, R.L., E.B. Schwab, K.S. Balkcom, C.H. Burmester, and D.W. Reeves. 2005. Effect of annual, biennial, and triennial in-row subsoiling on soil compaction and cotton yield in southeastern US silt loam soils. Appl. Eng. Agric. 21:337-343. pdf 

  84. Raper, R.L., E.B. Schwab, and S.M. Dabney. 2005. Measurement and variation of site-specific hardpans for silty upland soils in the southeastern United States. Soil Tillage Res. 84:7-17. pdf 

  85. Tekeste, M.Z., R.L. Raper, E.W. Tollner, and T.R. Way. 2005. Effect of soil moisture, soil density, and cone penetrometer material on finite element prediction of soil hardpan depth. ASAE Mtg. Paper 051164. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  86. Terra, J.A., D.W. Reeves, J.N. Shaw, and R.L. Raper. 2005. Impacts of landscape attributes on carbon sequestration during the transition from conventional to conservation management practices on a Coastal Plain field. J. Soil Water Conserv. 60:438-446. pdf 

  87. Kornecki, T.S., R.L. Raper, and A.J. Price. 2004. Effectiveness in terminating cover crops using different roller implements. p. 336-345. In D.L. Jordan and D.F. Caldwell, (eds.) 26th Southern Conserv. Tillage Syst. Conf., Raleigh, NC. 8-9 June 2004. North Carolina Agric. Res. Ser. pdf 

  88. Prior, S.A., R.L. Raper, and G.B. Runion. 2004. Effect of implement on soil CO2 efflux: Fall vs. spring tillage. Trans. ASAE 47:367-373. pdf 

  89. Raper, R.L., T.E. Grift, and M.Z. Tekeste. 2004. A portable tillage profiler for measuring subsoiling disruption. Trans. ASAE 47:23-27. pdf 

  90. Raper, R.L., D.W. Reeves, J.N. Shaw, E. van Santen, and P.L. Mask. 2004. Site-specific subsoiling: Benefits for coastal plain soils. p. 96-108. In D.L. Jordan and D.F. Caldwell, (eds.) 26th Southern Conserv. Tillage Syst. Conf., Raleigh, NC. 8-9 June 2004. North Carolina Agric. Res. Ser. pdf 

  91. Raper, R.L., E.B. Schwab, K.S. Balkcom, C.H. Burmester, and D.W. Reeves. 2004. Frequency of in-row subsoiling required for southeastern U.S. silt loam soils. ASAE Mtg. Paper 041083. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

     

  92. Raper, R.L., E.B. Schwab, K.S. Balkcom, C.H. Burmester, and D.W. Reeves. 2004. Minimum subsoiling frequency for conservation systems in the Tennessee Valley. p. 904-907. In D. Richter, (ed.) Proc. Beltwide Cotton Conf., San Antonio, TX. 5-9 January 2004. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am. pdf 

  93. Raper, R.L., and A.K. Sharma. 2004. Soil moisture effects on energy requirements and soil disruption of subsoiling a coastal plain soil. Trans. ASAE 47:1899-1905. pdf 

  94. Raper, R.L., P.A. Simionescu, T.S. Kornecki, A.J. Price, and D.W. Reeves. 2004. Reducing vibration while maintaining efficacy of rollers to terminate cover crops. Appl. Eng. Agric.  20:581-584. pdf 

  95. Roberson, T., E.Z. Nyakatawa, C.K. Reddy, and R.L. Raper. 2004. Soil CO2 effluxes in conventional and conservation tillage systems with poultry litter application. p. 2648-2655. In D. Richter, (ed.) Proc. Beltwide Cotton Conf., San Antonio, TX. 5-9 January 2004. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am. pdf 

  96. Terra, J.A., J.N. Shaw, D.W. Reeves, R.L. Raper, E. van Santen, and P.L. Mask. 2004. Soil carbon relationships with terrain attributes, electrical conductivity, and a soil survey in a coastal plain landscape. Soil Sci. 169:819-831. pdf 

  97. Price, A.J., P.A. Simionescu, T.S. Kornecki, R.L. Raper, and D.W. Reeves. 2003. Improved roller technology for cover crop management. p. 322-325. In Proc. II World Congr. Conserv. Agric., Iguassu Falls, Brazil, 11-15 August 2003. pdf 

  98. Raper, R.L., D.W. Reeves, J.N. Shaw, E. van Santen, P.L. Mask, and T.E. Grift. 2003. Effect of site-specific tillage on draft requirements and cotton yield. In D. Richter, (ed.) Proc. 2003 Beltwide Cotton Conf., Nashville, TN. 6-10 January 2003. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am. pdf 

  99. Raper, R.L., D.W. Reeves, J.N. Shaw, E. van Santen, P.L. Mask, and T.E. Grift. 2003. Reducing draft requirements and maintaining crop yields with site-specific tillage, In Proc. 16th Int. Soil Tillage Res. Org. Conf., Brisbane, Australia. 13-18 July 2003. ISTRO. pdf 

  100. Raper, R.L., P.A. Simionescu, T.S. Kornecki, A.J. Price, and D.W. Reeves. 2003. Cover crop rollers: A new component of conservation tillage systems. ASAE Mtg. Paper 03-1020. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  101. Siri Prieto, G., D.W. Reeves, D. Bransby, R.L. Raper, and B.E. Gamble. 2003. Integrating livestock in cotton production in the coastal plain: Influence of pasture and tillage. In D. Richter, (ed.) Proc. 2003 Beltwide Cotton Conf., Nashville, TN. 6-10 January 2003. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am. pdf 

  102. Siri Prieto, G., D.W. Reeves, and R.L. Raper. 2003. Conservation tillage systems for cotton and peanut following winter-annual grazing. In Proc. 16th Int. Soil Tillage Res. Org. Conf., Brisbane, Australia. 13-18 July 2003. ISTRO. pdf 

  103. Siri Prieto, G., D.W. Reeves, R.L. Raper, D. Bransby, and B.E. Gamble. 2003. Integrating winter annual grazing in a cotton-peanut rotation: Forage and tillage system selection. p. 104-115. In Proc. Sod Based Cropping Syst. Conf. Quincy, FL. 20-21 February 2003. Univ. Florida. pdf 

  104. Terra, J.A., D.W. Reeves, J.N. Shaw, R.L. Raper, E. van Santen, and P.L. Mask. 2003. Spatial variation of cotton yield: Influence of soil management and terrain attributes. In D. Richter, (ed.) Proc. 2003 Beltwide Cotton Conf., Nashville, TN. 6-10 January 2003. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am. pdf 

  105. Terra, J.A., D.W. Reeves, J.N. Shaw, R.L. Raper, E. van Santen, and P.L. Mask. 2003. Soil management, terrain attributes and soil variability impacts on cotton yields. p. 1217-1222. In Proc. 16th Int. Soil Tillage Res. Org. Conf., Brisbane, Australia. 13-18 July 2003. ISTRO. pdf 

  106. Truman, C.C., D.W. Reeves, J.N. Shaw, A.C. Motta, C.H. Burmester, R.L. Raper, and E.B. Schwab. 2003. Tillage impacts on soil property, runoff, and soil loss variations from a Rhodic Paleudult under simulated rainfall. J. Soil Water Conserv. 58:258-267. pdf 

  107. Raper, R.L. 2002. The influence of implement type, tillage depth, and tillage timing on residue burial. Trans. ASAE 45:1281-1286. pdf 

  108. Raper, R.L. 2002. Force requirements and soil disruption of straight and bentleg subsoilers for conservation tillage systems. ASAE Paper 02-1138. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  109. Raper, R.L., T.E. Grift, and M.Z. Tekeste. 2002. A portable tillage profiler for measuring subsoiling effectiveness. ASAE Mtg. Paper 02-1138. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  110. Raper, R.L., and A.K. Sharma. 2002. Energy requirements and soil disruption of subsoiling. In J. McRae and D. Richter, (eds.) Proc. 2002 Beltwide Cotton Conf., Atlanta, GA. 8-12 January 2002. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am. pdf 

  111. Raper, R.L., and A.K. Sharma. 2002. Using soil moisture to determine when to subsoil. In E. van Santen, ed. Proc. 25th Annu. Southern Conserv. Tillage Conf. Sustain. Agric., Auburn, AL. 24-26 June 2002. Ala. Agric. Exper. Stn. and Auburn Univ. pdf 

  112. Schwab, E.B., D.W. Reeves, C.H. Burmester, and R.L. Raper. 2002. Conservation tillage systems for cotton in the Tennessee Valley. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 66:569-577. pdf 

  113. Tekeste, M.Z., T.E. Grift, and R.L. Raper. 2002. Acoustic compaction layer detection. ASAE Mtg. Paper 02-1089. ASAE/CIGR, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  114. Raper, R.L. 2001. The influence of implement type and tillage depth on residue burial. p. 517-520. In J.C. Ascough and D.C. Flanagan, (eds.) Proc. Soil Erosion Research for the 21st Century, Honolulu, HI. 3-5 January 2001. ASAE. pdf 

  115. Raper, R.L., E.B. Schwab, and S.M. Dabney. 2001. Measurement and variation of site-specific hardpans. 2001 ASAE Mtg. Paper 01-1008. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  116. Schwab, E.B., D.W. Reeves, C.H. Burmester, and R.L. Raper. 2001. Reducing soil compaction and improving cotton yield with conservation tillage in the Tennessee Valley. p. 45-52. In J.H. Stiegler, (ed.) 24th Annu. Southern Conserv. Tillage Conf. Sustain. Agric. Oklahoma City, OK. 9-11 July 2001. Oklahoma State Univ. pdf 

  117. Turner, R.J., and R.L. Raper. 2001. Soil stress residuals as indicators of soil compaction. ASAE Mtg. Paper -11-63. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  118. Hall, H.E., R.L. Raper, T.E. Grift, and D.W. Reeves. 2000. Development of an on-the-fly mechanical impedance sensor and evaluation in a coastal plains soil. In J.E. Morrison, Jr., (ed.) Proc. 15th Int. Soil Tillage Res. Org. Conf., Fort Forth, TX. 3-7 July 2000. ISTRO. pdf 

  119. Prior, S.A., B.G. Dorman, R.L. Raper, and E.B. Schwab. 2000. Influence of fall and spring tillage on soil CO2 efflux from a loamy sand soil in Alabama. In J.E. Morrison, Jr., (ed.) Proc. 15th Int. Soil Tillage Res. Org. Conf., Fort Forth, TX. 3-7 July 2000. ISTRO. pdf 

  120. Prior, S.A., D.C. Reicosky, D.W. Reeves, G.B. Runion, and R.L. Raper. 2000. Residue and tillage effects on planting implement-induced short-term CO2 and water loss from a loamy sand soil in Alabama. Soil Tillage Res. 54:197-199. pdf 

  121. Raper, R.L., D.W. Reeves, C.H. Burmester, and E.B. Schwab. 2000. Tillage depth, tillage timing, and cover crop effects on cotton yield, soil strength, and tillage energy requirements. Appl. Eng. Agric. 16:379-385. pdf 

  122. Raper, R.L., D.W. Reeves, and E.B. Schwab. 2000. Reducing soil compaction of Tennessee Valley soils in conservation tillage systems. p. 449-452. In P. Dugger and D. Richter, (eds.) Proc. Beltwide Cotton Conf., San Antonio, TX. 4-8 January 2000. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am. pdf 

  123. Raper, R.L., D.W. Reeves, E.B. Schwab, and C.H. Burmester. 2000. Reducing soil compaction of Tennessee Valley soils in conservation tillage systems. J. Cotton Sci. 4:84-90. pdf 

  124. Raper, R.L., E.B. Schwab, and S.M. Dabney. 2000. Site-specific measurement of site-specific compaction in the southeastern United States. In J.E. Morrison, Jr., (ed.) Proc. 15th Int. Soil Tillage Res. Org. Conf., Fort Forth, TX. 3-7 July 2000. ISTRO. pdf 

  125. Raper, R.L., E.B. Schwab, and S.M. Dabney. 2000. Spatial variation of the depth of the root-restricting layer in an upland soil of northern Mississippi. p. 249-256. In Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. Geospat. Info. Agric. For., Lake Buena Vista, FL. 10-12 January 2000.  pdf 

  126. Buck, N.L., G.P. Groff, and R.L. Raper. 1999. Finite element analysis, simplified by conformal mapping, of an axisymmetric dielectric constant probe. Trans. ASAE 42:819-826. pdf 

  127. Hubbs, M.D., and R.L. Raper. 1999. Managing conservation tillage. USDA-NRCS. pdf 

  128. Raper, R.L. 1999. Subsoiling considerations for site-specific tillage 1999. ASAE Mtg. Paper 991058. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  129. Raper, R.L. 1999. Penetrating the problem: Improved devices dig in to measure soil compaction. Res. Mag. July. pdf 

  130. Raper, R.L., B.H. Washington, and J.D. Jarrell. 1999. A tractor-mounted multple-probe soil cone penetrometer. Appl. Eng. Agric. 15:287-290. pdf 

  131. Reicosky, D.C., D.W. Reeves, S.A. Prior, G.B. Runion, H.H. Rogers, and R.L. Raper. 1999. Effects of residue management and controlled traffic on carbon dioxide and water loss. Soil Tillage Res. 52:153-165. pdf 

  132. Vechinski, C.R., C.E. Johnson, R.L. Raper, and T.P. McDonald. 1999. Forestry tire tractive performance: New, worn, and with chains. Appl. Eng. Agric. 15:263-266. pdf 

  133. Raper, R.L., J.H. Edwards, T.R. Way, B.H. Washington, E.C. Burt, and D.T. Hill. 1998. Effect of vertical trenching of cellulose waste on crop yield and hardpan reconsolidation. Trans. ASAE 41:11-15. pdf 

  134. Raper, R.L., D.W. Reeves, and C.H. Burmester. 1998. Cotton yield response and energy requirements of matching tillage depths to root-impeding layers. ASAE Mtg. Paper 981112. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  135. Raper, R.L., D.W. Reeves, and C.H. Burmester. 1998. Developing conservation tillage systems for cotton in the Tennessee Valley: In-row tillage and cover crop effects. p. 621-623. In P. Dugger and D. Richter, (eds.) Proc. 1998 Beltwide Cotton Conf., San Diego, CA. 5-9 January 1998. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am. pdf 

  136. Raper, R.L., D.W. Reeves, and E.C. Burt. 1998. Using in-row subsoiling to minimize soil compaction caused by traffic. J. Cotton Sci. 2:130-135. pdf 

  137. Vechinski, C.R., C.E. Johnson, and R.L. Raper. 1998. Evaluation of an empirical traction equation for forestry tires. J. Terramech. 35:55-67. pdf 

  138. Foshee, W.G., R.L. Raper, W.D. Goff, and M.G. Patterson. 1997. Orchard floor practices affect soil compaction around young pecan trees. HortSci. 32:871-873. pdf 

  139. Raper, R.L., M.S. Miller-Goodman, M.L. Self-Davis, and D.W. Reeves. 1997. Draft requirements and soil benefits of pasture renovation tillage. ASAE Mtg. Paper 97-AETC105. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  140. Raper, R.L., D.W. Reeves, and T.R. Way. 1997. Recompaction by traffic of a completely disrupted coastal plain soil. p. 547-550. In Proc. 14th Int. Soil Tillage Res. Org. Conf., Pulawy, Poland. 27 July - 4 Aug. 1997. ISTRO. pdf 

  141. Bailey, A.C., R.L. Raper, T.R. Way, E.C. Burt, and C.E. Johnson. 1996. Soil stresses under a tractor tire at various loads and inflation pressures. J. Terramech. 33:1-11. pdf 

  142. Entry, J.A., D.W. Reeves, C.B. Backman, and R.L. Raper. 1996. Influence of wheel traffic and tillage on microbial biomass, residue decomposition and extractable nutrients in a Coastal Plain soil. Plant Soil 180:129-137. pdf 

  143. Entry, J.A., D.W. Reeves, E. Mudd, W.J. Lee, E. Guertal, and R.L. Raper. 1996. Influence of compaction from wheel traffic and tillage on arbuscular mycorrhizae infection and nutrient uptake by Zea mays. Plant Soil 180:139-146. pdf 

  144. Lee, W.J., C.W. Wood, D.W. Reeves, J.A. Entry, and R.L. Raper. 1996. Interactive effects of wheel-traffic and tillage system on soil carbon and nitrogen. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 27:3027-3043. pdf 

  145. Pearman, B.K., T.R. Way, C.E. Johnson, E.C. Burt, A.C. Bailey, and R.L. Raper. 1996. Soil stresses and rut depths from tires of a mechanical front wheel drive tractor. Trans. ASAE 39:1249-1257. pdf 

  146. Raper, R.L., J.H. Edwards, T.R. Way, B.H. Washington, E.C. Burt, and D.T. Hill. 1996. Vertical tenching of cellulose waste to hinder hardpan reconsolidation. ASAE Mtg. Paper 961044. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  147. Reeves, D.W., C.H. Burmester, R.L. Raper, and E.C. Burt. 1996. Developing conservation tillage systems for the Tennessee Valley region in Alabama. p. 1401-1403. In P. Dugger and D. Richter, (eds.) Proc. 1996 Beltwide Cotton Conf., Nashville, TN. 9-12 January 1996. Natl. Cotton Counc. Am. pdf 

  148. Self-Davis, M.L., M.S. Miller, R.L. Raper, and D.W. Reeves. 1996. Pasture soil and vegetation response to renovation tillage. p. 131-136. In P. Denton, et al., (eds.) 19th Annu. Southern Conserv. Tillage Conf. Sustain. Agric., Jackson and Milan, TN. 23-25 July 1996. Univ. Tennessee. pdf 

  149. Way, T.R., C.E. Johnson, A.C. Bailey, R.L. Raper, and E.C. Burt. 1996. Soil stress state orientation beneath a tire at various loads and inflation pressures. J. Terramech. 33:185-194. pdf 

  150. Bailey, A.C., R.L. Raper, C.E. Johnson, and E.C. Burt. 1995. An integrated approach to soil compaction prediction. J. Agric. Eng. 61:73-80. pdf 

  151. Hill, D.T., R.L. Raper, E.C. Burt, and T.R. Way. 1995. Root-zone water-quality as affected by incorporation of shredded newsprint. Ecol. Eng. 4:45-52. pdf 

  152. Lee, W.J., C.W. Wood, D.W. Reeves, D.W. Reeves, J.A. Entry, and Raper R.L. 1995. Interactive effects of whel traffic and tillage system on soil carbon. p. 1-4. In W.L. Kingery and N. Buehring, eds. Proc. 1995 Southern Conserv. Tillage Conf. Sustain. Agric., Jackson, MS. 26-28 June 1995. Mississippi Agr. For. Exp. Stn. pdf 

  153. Raper, R.L., A.C. Bailey, E.C. Burt, T.R. Way, and P. Liberati. 1995. The effects of reduced inflation pressure on soil-tire interface stresses and soil strength. J. Terramech. 32:43-51. pdf 

  154. Raper, R.L., A.C. Bailey, E.C. Burt, T.R. Way, and P. Liberati. 1995. Inflation pressure and dynamic load effects on soil deformation and soil-tire interface stresses. Trans. ASAE 38:685-689. pdf 

  155. Raper, R.L., C.E. Johnson, A.C. Bailey, E.C. Burt, and W.A. Block. 1995. Prediction of soil stresses beneath a rigid wheel. J. Agric. Eng. Res. 61:57-62. pdf 

  156. Raper, R.L., T.R. Way, E.C. Burt, J.H. Edwards, D.T. Hill, and A.A. Trotman. 1995. Hindering hardpan reformation with cellulose waste. Agricultural Utilization of Urban and Industrial By-Products. Am. Soc. Agron., Madison, WI. pdf 

  157. Way, T.R., A.C. Bailey, R.L. Raper, and E.C. Burt. 1995. Tire lug height effect on soil stresses and bulk-density. Trans. ASAE 38:669-674. pdf 

  158. Burt, E.C., D.W. Reeves, and R.L. Raper. 1994. Energy utilization as affected by traffic in a conventional and conservation tillage system. Trans. ASAE 37:759-762. pdf 

  159. Raper, R.L., A.C. Bailey, and E.C. Burt. 1994. Prediction of soil stresses caused by tire inflation pressures and dynamic loads. ASAE Mtg. Paper 941547. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI. pdf 

  160. Raper, R.L., C.E. Johnson, and A.C. Bailey. 1994. Coupling normal and shearing stresses to use in finite element analysis of soil compaction. Trans. ASAE 37:1417-1422. pdf 

  161. Raper, R.L., and D.W. Reeves. 1994. In-row subsoiling promotes improved soil condition. Natl. Conserv. Tillage Dig. Oct.-Nov.:22-23. pdf 

  162. Raper, R.L., D.W. Reeves, and E.C. Burt. 1994. Negating the effect of traffic with in-row subsoiling. p. 67-72. In H.E. Jensen, et al., (eds.) Proc. 13th Int. Soil Tillage Res. Org. Conf., Aalborg, Denmark. 24-29 July 1994. ISTRO. pdf 

  163. Raper, R.L., D.W. Reeves, E.C. Burt, and H.A. Torbert. 1994. Conservation tillage and traffic effects on soil condition. Trans. ASAE 37:763-768. pdf 

  164. Gibas, D.M., R.L. Raper, A.C. Bailey, and C.E. Johnson. 1993. Cubical pneumatic cushion triaxial soil test unit. Trans. ASAE 36:1547-1553. pdf 

  165. Raper, R.L., D.W. Reeves, E.C. Burt, and H.A. Torbert. 1993. A conservation tillage practice that resists compaction. Highlights Agric. Res. 40:3. pdf 

  166. Schafer, R.L., A.C. Bailey, C.E. Johnson, and R.L. Raper. 1991. A rationale for modeling soil compaction behavior - an engineering mechanics approach. Trans. ASAE 34:1609-1617. pdf 

  167. Raper, R.L., L.E. Asmussen, and J.B. Powell. 1990. Sensing hard pan depth with ground-penetrating radar. Trans. ASAE 33:41-46. pdf 

  168. Raper, R.L., and D.C. Erbach. 1990. Prediction of soil stresses using the finite element method. Trans. ASAE 33:725-730. pdf 

  169. Raper, R.L., and D.C. Erbach. 1990. Effect of variable linear elastic parameters on finite element prediction of soil compaction. Trans. ASAE 33:731-736. pdf 

  170. Raper, R.L., and D.C. Erbach. 1988. Core sampler evaluation using the finite element method. Trans. ASAE 31:331-336. pdf 

  171. Raper, R.L., and D.C. Erbach. 1987. Bulk density measurement variability with core samplers. Trans. ASAE 30:878-881. pdf