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ARS Home » Plains Area » Fargo, North Dakota » Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center » Food Animal Metabolism Research » People & Locations » Lloyd Billey
Lloyd O Billey
Food Animal Metabolism Research
Biological Science Lab Technician (Biochemistry)

Phone: (701) 239-1409
Fax: (701) 239-1430

(Employee information on this page comes from the REE Directory. Please contact your front office staff to update the REE Directory.)


Publications (Clicking on the reprint icon Reprint Icon will take you to the publication reprint.)
The effects of concentration, duration of exposure, size and surface function of polymethyl methacrylate micro/nanoplastics on human liver cells - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Disposition of [14C]-polystyrene microplastics after oral administration to lactating sheep - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Effects of charge, concentration, exposure duration, and size of polymethyl methacrylate micro/nanoplastics on human liver cells - (Abstract Only)
Shelver, W.L., Billey, L.O., Mcgarvey, A.M., Hoselton, S.A., Banerjee, A. 2024. Effects of charge, concentration, exposure duration, and size of polymethyl methacrylate micro/nanoplastics on human liver cells. Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC). 25149.
Fate of [14C]-polystyrene microplastics after oral administration in lactating sheep - (Abstract Only)
Shelver, W.L., Mcgarvey, A.M., Billey, L.O. 2024. Fate of [14C]-polystyrene microplastics after oral administration in lactating sheep. American Chemical Society Abstracts. PAPER ID: 4091310.
Absorption, distribution, and elimination of [14C]-polystyrene microplastic after oral administration in laying hens - (Abstract Only)
Fate and disposition of [14C]-polystyrene microplastic after oral administration to laying hens Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Shelver, W.L., McGarvey, A.M., Billey, L.O., Banerjee, A. 2023. Fate and disposition of [14C]-polystyrene microplastic after oral administration to laying hens. Science of the Total Environment. 909. Article 168512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168512.
Distribution of submicron [14C]-polystyrene particles in blood, eggs, and muscle after oral administration to laying hens - (Abstract Only)
Effects of polystyrene micro/nanoplastics on liver cells based on particle size, surface functionalization, concentration and exposure period Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Banerjee, A., Billey, L.O., Mcgarvey, A.M., Shelver, W.L. 2022. Effects of polystyrene micro/nanoplastics on liver cells based on particle size, surface functionalization, concentration and exposure period. Science of the Total Environment. 836:155621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155621.
Uptake and toxicity of polystyrene micro/nanoplastics in gastric cells: Effects of particle size and surface functionalization Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Banerjee, A., Billey, L.O., Shelver, W.L. 2021. Uptake and toxicity of polystyrene micro/nanoplastics in gastric cells: Effects of particle size and surface functionalization. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260803.
Effect of polystyrene micro/nanoplastic size and surface functionalization on uptake and viability of gastric cells - (Abstract Only)
Banerjee, A., Billey, L.O., Shelver, W.L. 2021. Effect of polystyrene micro/nanoplastic size and surface functionalization on uptake and viability of gastric cells. Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Abstracts. Abstract.
Estrogenicity of agricultural runoff: A rainfall simulation study of worst-case scenarios using fresh layer and roaster litter, and farrowing swine manure Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Shappell, N., Shipitalo, M., Billey, L.O. 2020. Estrogenicity of agricultural runoff: A rainfall simulation study of worst-case scenarios using fresh layer and roaster litter, and farrowing swine manure. Science of the Total Environment. 750:141188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141188.
An in vitro comparison of estrogenic equivalents per serving size of some common foods - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
An in vitro comparison of estrogenic equivalents per serving size of some common foods Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Shappell, N.W., Berg, E.P., Magolski, J.D., Billey, L.O. 2019. An in vitro comparison of estrogenic equivalents per serving size of some common foods. Journal of Food Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.14847.
An in vitro comparison of estrogenic equivalents per serving size of some common foods Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Shappell, N.W., Berg, E.P., Magolski, J., Billey, L.O. 2019. An in vitro comparison of estrogenic equivalents per serving size of some common foods. Journal of Food Science. 84(12):3876-3884. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.14847.
Estrogenicity of agricultural runoff: rainfall simulation study of worst-case scenarios using fresh farrowing swine manure, layer and broiler litter - (Abstract Only)
Shappell, N.W., Billey, L.O., Shipitalo, M.J. 2019. Estrogenicity of agricultural runoff: rainfall simulation study of worst-case scenarios using fresh farrowing swine manure, layer and broiler litter [abstract]. 40th Annual Mtg of North American Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. November 3 - 7, 2019. Toronto, Canada. Poster No. PC021.
Estrogenic activity, estrogens, and calcium in runoff post-layer litter application from rainfall simulated events - (Abstract Only)
Shappell, N.W., Shipitalo, M.J., Billey, L.O. 2017. Estrogenic activity, estrogens, and calcium in runoff post-layer litter application from rainfall simulated events [abstract]. 38th Annual Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry North American Mtg., November 12-16, Minneapolis, MN. Abstract #547. p. 134.
Estrogenic activity and nutrient losses in surface runoff after winter manure application to small watersheds Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Shappell, N.W., Billey, L.O., Shipitalo, M.J. 2016. Estrogenic activity and nutrient losses in surface runoff after winter manure application to small watersheds. Science of the Total Environment. 543:570-580.
E-Screen - potential tool for assessment of relative serum estrogenicity - (Abstract Only)
Shappell, N.W., Hiabilie, S.A., Magolski, J.D., Vonnahme, K.A., Berg, E.P., Billey, L.O. 2013. E-Screen - potential tool for assessment of relative serum estrogenicity [abstract]. American Dairy Science Association-American Society of Animal Science Joint Annual Meeting, July 8-12, 2013, Indianapolis, IN. Presentation #712. p. 194.
Bioassay of estrogenicity and chemical analysis of estrogens in streams across the United States associated with livestock operations - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Alvarez, D.A., Shappell, N.W., Billey, L.O., Bermudez, D.S., Wilson, V.S., Kolpin, D.W., Perkins, S.D., Evans, N., Foreman, W.T., Gray, J.L., Shipitalo, M.J., Meyer, M.T. 2013. Bioassay of estrogenicity and chemical analysis of estrogens in streams across the United States associated with livestock operations. Water Research. 47:3347-3363.
Comparing biological effects of estrone (E1) and 17ß-estradiol (E2) in mature fathead minnows - (Abstract Only)
Dammann, A.A., Shappell, N.W., Billey, L.O., Bartell, S.E., Schoenfuss, H.L. 2011. Comparing biological effects of estrone (E1) and 17B-estradiol (E2) in mature fathead minnows. Joint Meeting of the Midwest Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry and the Chicago Regional Chapter of Society for Risk Analysis, March 23-24, 2011, Lake Geneva, WI.
Estrogenic Activity in Runoff – Effect of Animal Waste-Based Fertilizer Application to Frozen Fields - (Abstract Only)
Billey, L.O., Shipitalo, M.J., Owens, L.B., Shappell, N.W. 2010. Estrogenic activity in runoff – effect of animal waste-based fertilizer application to frozen fields. Midwest Chapter Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Abstracts, March 24-26, 2010, St. Paul, MN. Available:http://www.midwestsetac.org/2010%20abstracts/Estrogenic%20activity%20in%20runoff%20–%20effect%20of%20animal%20waste-based%20fertilizer%20application%20to%20frozen%fields, %20Billey.pdf.
Estrogenic Activity and Estrogens of Surface Waters in Proximity to a Large Dairy - (Abstract Only)
Shappell, N.W., Billey, L.O., Elder, K.H. 2009. Estrogenic Activity and Estrogens of Surface Waters in Proximity to a Large Dairy. Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC)Abstract Book, New Orleans, LA, November 19-23, 2009. Abstract 31, page 11.
Destruction of estrogens using Fe-TAML/peroxide catalysis - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Shappell, N.W., Vrabel, M.A., Madsen, P.J., Harrington, G.E., Billey, L.O., Hakk, H., Larsen, G.L., Beach, E.S., Horwitz, C.P., Ro, K.S., Hunt, P.G., Collins, T.J. 2008. Destruction of estrogens using Fe-TAML/peroxide catalysis. Environmental Science and Technology 42:1296-1300.
ESTROGENIC ACTIVITY AND STEROID HORMONES IN SWINE WASTEWATER PROCESSED THROUGH A LAGOON CONSTRUCTED-WETLAND SYSTEM. - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Shappell, N.W., Billey, L.O., Forbes, D., Poach, M.E., Matheny, T.A., Reddy, G.B., Hunt, P.G. 2007. Estrogenic activity and steroid hormones in swine wastewater processed through a lagoon constructed-wetland system.. Environmental Science and Technology 41(2):444-450.
ESTROGENIC ACTIVITY OF SWINE WASTEWATER TREATED BY A LAGOON CONSTRUCTED WETLAND SYSTEM. - (Abstract Only)
Shappell, N.W., Billey, L.O., Poach, M.E., Matheny, T.A., Reddy, G.B., Hunt, P.G. 2005. Estrogenic activity of swine wastewater treated by a lagoon constructed wetland system. SETAC North American 26th Annual Conference, Baltimore, MD, Nov. 13-17, 2005.
ASSESSMENT OF TASCO AND YCWP ON ERGOVALINE TOXICITY IN CACO-2 CELLS. - (Abstract Only)
Shappell, N.W., Billey, L.O. 2004. Assessment of tasco and ycwp on ergovaline toxicity in caco-2 cells. [abstract] Joint Meeting of American Society of Animal Science, American Dairy Science Association, and Poultry Science Association, St. Louis, MO, July 25-29, 2004, Journal of Animal Science 82(Suppl 1):181, Abstract T72.
EFFECT OF CLENBUTEROL ON BODY STORES OF POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS (PCDFS) AND DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS (PCDDS) IN RATS - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Shappell, N.W., Billey, L.O., Feil, V.J. 2002. Effect of clenbuterol on body stores of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) in rats. Journal of Animal Science. 80:2461-2475.
EFFECT OF CLENBUTEROL ON FAT STORES OF DIOXINS AND FURANS IN RATS. - (Proceedings)
Shappell, N.W., Billey, L.O., Feil, V.J. 2001. Effect of clenbuterol on fat stores of dioxins and furans in rats. Organohalogen Compounds. 53:460-463.
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