Location: Nutrition, Food Safety/Quality
Project Number: 0500-00117-001-001-G
Project Type: Grant
Start Date: Sep 1, 2023
End Date: Aug 31, 2026
Objective:
Aim 1: To examine whether addition of peanuts to the traditional Asian Indian diet would lower the glycemic index (GI). We hypothesize that addition of peanuts (as peanut meal or peanut butter) to 15 Indian breakfast and lunch dishes will lower the GI of these foods.
Aim 2: To conduct a parallel arm, randomized controlled trial that will examine the effects of a 12-week peanut intervention on glycemic and cardiometabolic measures among 200 overweight or obese adult Asian Indians. We hypothesize that, compared to participants in the control arm (standard Indian diet without nuts), participants in the intervention arm (daily supplementation of 60 g of roasted peanuts (30 g at 2 meals)) will have favorable changes in measures of glycemia, dyslipidemia, body composition, and inflammation.
Approach:
Study participants. They will recruit 15 men and women, aged 20-45 y, with a BMI>23 kg/m2; will exclude participants with fasting blood glucose >5.6 mmol (>100 mg/dL), on a special diet, participants with a family history of T2D, on medications, illness, or a history of food allergy.
Preparation of test and reference foods for GI testing. They will add peanuts and peanut butter to 15 traditional Indian foods. Using the International Dietary Carbohydrate Task Force for GI methodology14, we will test the GI of the original recipe (test food), modified recipe (test food with peanut meal/peanut butter), and the reference food (50 g glucose). Test foods will be homogenized and evaluated for nutrient content using standard AOAC methods. Fifteen participants will undergo 3 days of testing with reference food, one day with test food, and one day with modified test food (all containing 50 g available carbohydrate) in a random order with at least two days wash out between measurements to minimize carry over effects.
