Author
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Wedge, David |
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Smith, Barbara |
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Submitted to: Book Chapter
Publication Type: Book / Chapter Publication Acceptance Date: 5/22/2005 Publication Date: 2/9/2006 Citation: Wedge, D.E., Smith, B.J. Inderjit, Mukerji, K.G., editors. Springer, The Netherlands. Discovery and evaluation of natural product-based fungicides for disease control of small fruits. 2006. p. 1-15. Interpretive Summary: Manuscript is a book chapter and requires no interpretive summary. Technical Abstract: The continuing development of fungicide resistance in plant and human pathogens necessitates the discovery and development of new fungicides. Discovery and evaluation of natural product fungicides is largely dependent upon the availability of miniaturized antifungal bioassays. Essentials for natural product bioassays include sensitivity to microgram quantities, selectivity to determine optimum target pathogens, and adaptability to complex mixtures. Experimental accuracy and precision must be stable between assays over time. These assays should be relevant to potential pathogen target sites in the natural infection process of the host and applicable to the agrochemical industry. Bioassays should take advantage of current high-throughput technology available to evaluate dose-response relationships, commercial fungicides standards, modes of action, and structure activity studies. The focus of this chapter is the evaluation of natural product based fungicides for agriculture and we will provide a review of bioautography prescreens and microtiter assays (secondary assays). Also presented is more detailed information on newer techniques such as the detached leaf assays for evaluating fungicides against strawberry anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) and field plot trials for gray mold (Botrytis) and anthracnose control in strawberry. |
