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ARS Home » Pacific West Area » Logan, Utah » Forage and Range Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #265038
Title: Genes encoding biotin carboxylase subunit of acetyl-CoA carboxylase from Brassica napus and parental species: cloning, expression patterns, and evolution

Author
item LI, ZHI - Chinese Academy Of Sciences
item YIN, WEI - Chinese Academy Of Sciences
item SONG, LI - Chinese Academy Of Sciences
item CHEN, YU - Chinese Academy Of Sciences
item GUAN, RONG - Chinese Academy Of Sciences
item WANG, JING - Chinese Academy Of Sciences
item Wang, Richard
item HU, ZAN - Chinese Academy Of Sciences

Submitted to: Genome
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 10/20/2010
Publication Date: 2/25/2011
Citation: Li, Z.G., Yin, W.B., Song, L.Y., Chen, Y.H., Guan, R.Z., Wang, J.Q., Wang, R., Hu, Z.M. 2011. Genes encoding biotin carboxylase subunit of acetyl-CoA carboxylase from Brassica napus and parental species: cloning, expression patterns, and evolution. Genome. 54:202-211.

Interpretive Summary: Changes in DNA sequences of functional genes, intergenic spacers, and repetitive sequences of living organisms are causing genome evolution that leads to speciation and biodiversity. We analyzed DNA sequences of cloned biotin carboxylase genes from oilseed rape (Brassica napus, a Eurasian plant cultivated for its seed and as a forage crop) and its parental species, B. rapa (common turnip) and B. oleracea (common cabbage). Results from these analyses confirmed the time and lineage of evolutionary history for oilseed rape. This study also contributes to our understanding of the regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis in plants.

Technical Abstract: Comparative genomics is a useful tool to investigate gene and genome evolution. Biotin carboxylase (BC), an important subunit of heteromeric ACCase that is a rate-limiting enzyme in fatty acid biosynthesis in dicots, catalyzes ATP, biotin-carboxyl-carrier protein and CO2 to form carboxybiotin-carboxyl-carrier protein. In this research, we cloned four genes encoding BC from Brassica napus (namely BnaC.BC.a, BnaC.BC.b, BnaA.BC.a and BnA.BC.b), and two from each of the two parental species, B. rapa (BraA.BC.a and BraA.BC.b) and B. oleracea (BolC.BC.a and BolC.BC.b). Sequence analyses revealed that in B. napus the gene BnaC.BC.a and BnaC.BC.b were from the C genome of B. oleracea, whereas BnaA.BC.a and BnaA.BC.b were from the A genome of B. rapa. Comparative and cluster analysis indicated that these genes were divided into two major groups, BnaC.BC.a, BnaA.BC.a, BraA.BC.a and BolC.BC.a in group-1, and BnaC.BC.b, BnaA.BC.b, BraA.BC.b, and BolC.BC.b in group-2. The divergence of group-1 and group-2 genes occurred in their common ancestor 13~17 million years ago (MYA), soon after the divergence of A. thaliana and Brassica (15-20 MYA) and identical to the previously reported triplicated time of paralogous subgenomes of diploid Brassica species and the divergence date of group-1 and group-2 genes of a-CT, another subunit of heteromeric ACCase, in Brassica. RT-PCR revealed that the expression level of group-1 and group-2 genes varied in different organs, and the expression patterns of the two groups of genes were similar in different organs, except in flower. The amino acid sequences of proteins encloded by these genes were highly conserved except the sequence encoding predicted plastid transit peptides. The plastid transit peptides on the BC precursors of Brassica (71-72 amino acid residues) were predicted based on AtBC protein, compared and confirmed by fusion with GFP. Our results will be helpful in elucidating the evolution and the regulation of ACCase in oilseed rape.