Disease evaluations and agronomic traits of advanced peanut breeding lines in 2014

Authors: Bennett, Rebecca; Chamberlin, Kelly

Submitted to: Peanut Research at Oklahoma State University
Publication Type: Experiment Station
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/11/2015
Publication Date: 3/25/2015
Publication URL: http://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/60637
Citation: Bennett, R.S., Chamberlin, K.D. 2015. Disease evaluations and agronomic traits of advanced peanut breeding lines in 2014. In: Partners in Progress – Peanut Research at Oklahoma State University, 2014. Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station. P-1044. p. 13-18.

Interpretive Summary: The development of new high-oleic peanut cultivars with improved yield, disease resistance, and seed characteristics is essential to the sustainability of the peanut industry in the Southwest. In 2014, advanced breeding lines of runner, Spanish, and Virginia peanuts and commercial cultivars were evaluated in small plots at Fort Cobb, OK, for yield, seed quality and characteristics, and resistance to Sclerotinia blight, a major disease of peanuts. Among the 16 runner entries evaluated, Tamrun OL11, ARSOK-R37, and ARSOK-R35 produced the highest-value crops at $879-$917/acre. The highest-yielding entries, producing 5590 to 5651 lbs/acre, were the cultivar Tamrun OL11 and the ARSOK breeding lines R37, R35, R47, R58B, and R58C. ARSOK breeding lines R60A, R58A, and R47A were highly resistant to Sclerotinia blight, with 11-22% disease compared to 70-80% for the susceptible cultivars Tifrunner, Florida 07, and Flavor Runner 458. Among the two Spanish market entries, OLe rated better than the small-seeded runner Georgia 04S on many important characteristics including crop value, yield, and seed quality. In addition, there was a significant difference between OLe (8% disease) and Georgia 04S (49%) in susceptibility to Sclerotinia blight. The Virginia breeding lines ARSOK-V30B, ARSOK-V41, and ARSOK-V31 had the highest crop values, ranging from $780-$832/acre. Jupiter, the Southwest industry standard for Virginia peanuts, produced $654/acre. ARSOK-V30B and ARSOK-V31 were also significantly more resistant (21-23% disease) to Sclerotinia blight than the other three entries evaluated (55-62%). These results indicate significant progress in breeding peanut cultivars that surpass the agronomic qualities and disease resistance of currently available cultivars.

Technical Abstract: A total of 23 commercially available peanut cultivars and high-oleic advanced breeding lines were evaluated in small field plots in 2014 for agronomic traits (crop value, yield, seed grade, and characteristics) and resistance to soilborne diseases. Among the 16 runner entries evaluated, Tamrun OL11, ARSOK-R37, and ARSOK-R35 produced the highest-value crops at $879-$917/acre. The highest-yielding entries, producing 5590 to 5651 lbs/acre, were the cultivar Tamrun OL11 and the ARSOK breeding lines R37, R35, R47, R58B, and R58C. ARSOK breeding lines R60A, R58A, and R47A were highly resistant to Sclerotinia blight, with 11-22% disease incidence compared to 70-80% for the highly susceptible cultivars Tifrunner, Florida 07, and Flavor Runner 458. Among the two Spanish market entries, OLe rated better than the small-seeded runner Georgia 04S on many agronomic measures including crop value, yield, and grade. In addition, there was a significant difference between OLe (8%) and Georgia 04S (49%) in susceptibility to Sclerotinia blight. The five Virginia entries evaluated did not differ statistically in crop value, but the top three numerically were ARSOK-V30B ($832/acre), ARSOK-V41 ($798/acre), and ARSOK-V31 ($780/acre). ARSOK-V30B and ARSOK-V31 were significantly more resistant (21-23% disease incidence) to Sclerotinia blight than the other three entries (55-62%). These results indicate significant progress in breeding peanut cultivars that surpass the agronomic qualities and disease resistance of currently available cultivars.