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Submitted to: Viroids and Plant Viral Satellites
Publication Type: Book / Chapter Publication Acceptance Date: 8/28/2016 Publication Date: 8/9/2017 Citation: Hammond, R., Kovalskaya, N.Y. 2017. Strategies to introduce resistance to viroids (Book Chapter). In: Hadidi, A., editor. Viroids and Plant Viral Satellites. 1st edition. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. p. 447-455. Interpretive Summary: Viroids are small nucleic acids that cause disease in agricultural crops with significant losses in productivity and yield and, unfortunately, little or no naturally occurring resistance has been found in viroid host plants. Therefore, biotechnological approaches for controlling viroid diseases have been investigated and include the engineering of viroid resistance into host species based on knowledge of viroid biology. The results of these efforts and the challenges associated with creating viroid resistant plants are summarized in this review. These results will be of interest to scientists who are developing novel plant disease control strategies. Technical Abstract: Little or no naturally occurring durable resistance to viroids has been found in most viroid host species; therefore efforts to engineer viroid resistance in these plant hosts have been made. These efforts include strategies that incorporate viroid-specific antisense RNAs, sense and antisense viroid RNAs combined with hammerhead ribozymes, small viroid-derived hairpin RNAs, a double-stranded (ds) RNA-specific ribonuclease, and viroid-specific siRNAs, among others, into transgenic plants. The results of those efforts, some of which are promising, and the challenges associated with creating viroid resistant plants are summarized in this chapter. |
