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Research Project: Management of Aphids Attacking Cereals

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Title: Sugarcane aphid resistant sorghums found within USDA-ARS Lubbock, TX genotypes

Author
item LIMAJE, ANKUR - Oklahoma State University
item Hayes, Chad
item Armstrong, John
item ZARRABI, ALI - Oklahoma State University
item HOBACK, WYATT - Oklahoma State University
item PAUDYAL, SULOCHANA - Oklahoma State University
item Burke, John

Submitted to: Meeting Proceedings
Publication Type: Proceedings
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/19/2016
Publication Date: 11/1/2016
Citation: Limaje, A., Hayes, C.M., Armstrong, J.S., Zarrabi, A., Hoback, W.W., Paudyal, S., Burke, J.J. 2016. Sugarcane aphid resistant sorghums found within USDA-ARS Lubbock, TX genotypes [abstract]. In: Valentin, K.E., Burow, G.B., Jugulam, M. Proceedings of the 2016 SICNA Meeting, September 19-21, 2016, Manhattan, Kansas. p. 27-28. Available: www.sicna.net.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: The sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari, was discovered infesting grain sorghum in the southern United States in 2013 and has been a perennial pest through 2016. We evaluated 25 sorghum genotypes in a search for host plant resistance to this pest. Plants were started from seed (N = 16 replications per entry) and infested heavily at the 3 leaf stage, 8 d post emergence. After 3 weeks, plants were assessed for height, number of leaves, and chlorophyll content using a SPAD meter. Damage ratings were conducted using Webster's 1 to 9 scale, 1 being no damage, 9 being a dead plant. We used TX2783 and DKS-37-07 as resistant checks, and C-580 and JS222 as known susceptibles. Our results suggests that R.11143 was highly resistant, scoring a 3.1 damage rating compared to TX2783, and R.11259 which scored a 5.8 rating or moderate resistance to sugarcane aphid. The remaining 23 USDA-ARS lines ranged from moderately susceptible to highly susceptible. R.11143 and R.11259 are two pollinator lines developed by ARS Lubbock in 2011. R.11143 has a pedigree of TX2783/PI567946 and was originally selected based on good cold germination. TX2783 is a pollinator parent released by Texas A&M University with documented resistance to the sugarcane aphid. PI567946, also known as Hong Ke Zi, is a Chinese landrace with excellent cold germination and vigor. R.11259 has a pedigree of SC56//86EON361/BE2668 and was selected based on good stay-green ratings, high leaf dhurrin content and preliminary hybrid performance. SC56 is a good stay-green pollinator developed by the Texas A&M University and USDA Sorghum Conversion Program. 86EON361 and BE2668 are unreleased lines from Texas A&M University. These trials provide the first step in identifying host plant resistance to the sugarcane aphid in sorghum. Field trials conducted in Lubbock, TX confirm resistance of these lines.