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Title: Dietary supplementation of potato peel powders prepared from conventional and organic russet and nonorganic gold and red potatoes reduces weight gain in mice on a high-fat diet

Author
item ELKAHOUI, SALEM - Centre De Biotechnologie De Borj Cédria
item Bartley, Glenn
item Yokoyama, Wallace - Wally
item Friedman, Mendel

Submitted to: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 5/26/2018
Publication Date: 6/7/2018
Citation: Elkahoui, S., Levin, C.E., Bartley, G.E., Yokoyama, W.H., Friedman, M. 2018. Dietary supplementation of potato peel powders prepared from conventional and organic russet and nonorganic gold and red potatoes reduces weight gain in mice on a high-fat diet. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 66(24):6064-6072. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01987.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01987

Interpretive Summary: Obesity is a metabolic disorder in which the accumulation of excess dietary calories into visceral fat cause oxidative stress and minor inflammation. The present study investigated the potential of potato peel powders prepared in this laboratory from commercial conventional (nonorganic) and organic potatoes, known to contain antioxidative compounds to reduce weight gain in mice fed a high-fat diet for 21 days. Using an oral feeding study, we have shown that the supplementation of adipogenic high-fat diets with 10% or 20% potato peel powders induced large reductions in weight gain relative to the control diet without added peel powders. The test diets induced significant reduction in the fat content of the livers and epididymal adipose deposits. The results suggest that potato peels, a major peeling byproduct of potato processing used to prepare fries, chips, and white potato flour, might serve as an antiobesity functional food additive.

Technical Abstract: The present study investigated the potential of potato peel powders, high in bioactive phenolic compounds and glycoalkaloids to reduce weight gain in mice consuming a high-fat diet. Potato peel powders were prepared from the following fresh commercial potato varieties by hand-peeling, and then freeze-drying and grinding the peels into powder: nonorganic (conventionally grown) gold, red, and Russet, and organically grown Russet. Mice diets (25% fat by weight) were supplemented with either 10% or 20% potato peel powders for three weeks. Compared to the control diet, the peel-containing diets induced a reduction in weight gain that ranged from 17-45% (10% peel diets) to 46-73% (20% peel diets), suggesting that differences in weight gain are associated with the potato peel source and peel concentration of the diet. Weight reductions were accompanied by reduced epididymal white adipose tissue as well in changes in the microbiota analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and in obesity associated genetic biomarkers determined by the quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Possible mechanisms of the antiobesity effects are discussed in terms of the composition of the bioactive potato peel compounds, which were determined using HPLC. The results suggest that potato peels have the potential to serve as a new antiobesity functional food.