Virulence of soybean aphid, Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae) clones on detached leaves and whole plants

Authors: Lagos-Kutz, Doris; PAWLOWSKI, MICHELLE - University Of Illinois; DIERS, BRIAN - University Of Illinois; PURANDARE, SWAPNA - Indraprastha Institute Of Information Technology Delhi; TILMON, KELLEY - The Ohio State University; Hartman, Glen

Submitted to: Journal of Kansas Entomological Society
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/14/2019
Publication Date: 6/8/2020
Citation: Lagos-Kutz, D.M., Pawlowski, M., Diers, B.W., Purandare, S.R., Tilmon, K.J., Hartman, G.L. 2020. Virulence of soybean aphid, Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae) clones on detached leaves and whole plants. Journal of Kansas Entomological Society. 92(3):497-511. https://doi.org/10.2317/0022-8567-92.3.497.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2317/0022-8567-92.3.497

Interpretive Summary: The negative economic impact on soybean yields by soybean aphids requires the continued investigation of the effectiveness of host plant resistance. Currently, four soybean aphid biotypes have been identified, some of which can overcome soybean resistance genes. The objective of this study was to evaluate field-collected soybean aphid clones on soybean genotypes with known soybean aphids resistance genes. Fourteen aphid clones collected on soybean and buckthorn plants in 2015 and 2017, along with four known aphid biotypes were evaluated in no-choice assays using whole plants and detached leaves. Expected interactions between soybean genotypes and known aphid biotypes were found using whole plant assays but not using detached leaf assays. This is the first report showing that resistance in soybean PI437696 was not overcome by any of the biotypes and field clones from Illinois, Indiana and South Dakota, and a new biotype was identified from Wooster, Ohio. This report will be of interest to soybean entomologists and breeders that are interested in soybean aphids and host resistance.

Technical Abstract: Since the discovery of the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines, in the USA in 2000, populations have expanded throughout the Midwestern USA and Canada. Its negative economic impact on soybean yields provides the impetus to continue investigating the effectiveness of host plant resistance. Currently, four soybean aphid biotypes have been identified, which are virulent to soybean plants containing Rag (resistance to A. glycines) genes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the virulence of field collected soybean aphid clones on soybean genotypes with known Rag genes. Fourteen aphid clones collected on soybean and buckthorn plants in 2015 and 2017, along with four known aphid biotypes were evaluated in no-choice assays using whole plants and detached leaves. Expected interaction between soybean genotypes and known aphid biotypes was found in the whole plant assays but not in the detached leaf assays. None of the biotypes and field clones from Illinois, Indiana and South Dakota overcame the resistance of soybean PI437696. A soybean aphid clone from Wooster, Ohio was identified as a new biotype (biotype 5), which has virulence pattern similar to biotype 4 without the virulence on LD14-8008 soybean with Rag2/3.