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Research Project: Improving the Quality of Animal Hides, Reducing Environmental Impacts of Hide Production, and Developing Value-Added Products from Wool

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Title: Synergistic efficacy of alkyltrimethylammonium bromide, chlorhexidine digluconate on diverse bacterial strains causing red-heat and purple-stain deteriorations of leather

Author
item HUSSAIN, SYED - Oak Ridge Institute For Science And Education (ORISE)
item Sarker, Majher
item Yosief, Hailemichael

Submitted to: Archives of Microbiology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/12/2020
Publication Date: 10/1/2020
Citation: Hussain, S.A., Sarker, M.I., Yosief, H.O. 2020. Synergistic efficacy of alkyltrimethylammonium bromide, chlorhexidine digluconate on diverse bacterial strains causing red-heat and purple-stain deteriorations of leather. Archives Of Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-02047-y.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-02047-y

Interpretive Summary: Hide preservation customarily needs salt on the hide surface. This salt mostly contains salt-loving and salt-tolerant bacteria. Previous work demonstrated that the presence of salt loving and salt-tolerant microbial community causes red-heat deterioration and purple-stain damage on preserved hide and leather. This incidence unfavorably affects leather quality and ultimately compromises the million dollar loss for leather industries. Therefore, the present study was designed to test the combined effect of different concentrations of specific antimicrobial solutions (i.e., ATMB and CDG) on selected bacterial strains attributed to the deterioration of hide-quality. Our result shows that increasing exposure time and concentration of above-mentioned antimicrobial solutions grounds the noteworthy reduction of salt-loving bacteria in exposure and dose-depended manner. At the concentration of 900/90ppm of ATMB/CDG, the mixture of all salt-loving bacteria was reduced up to 98%.

Technical Abstract: This investigation assessed the synergistic efficacy of alkyltrimethylammonium-bromide (ATMB) and chlorhexidine-digluconate (CDG) on selected microbes causing red-heat and purple stain degradations on salted-cured hides and leather products. This biological phenomenon, ultimately deteriorates the leather quality and causes considerable economic losses for leather industry. In tryptic soy broth (TSB), combination of ATMB and/CDG at the concentration of 900/90 ppm for 1, 3, and 6 min resulted in 0.73, 2.45, and 2.95 log CFU/mL reductions of cocktail population recovery, respectively. Whereas in saturated brine solution (SBS), the bacterial cocktail treated with 600/60 and 900/90 ppm of ATMB/CDG for 18 h resulted ~ 74% and 98% reduction, respectively in comparison to their respective controls. Furthermore, reduction of individual bacterial strains by combined ATMB and CDG in SBS was also elucidated.