Impact of mycotoxin deactivator on immune response and growth Performance in broiler chickens exposed to Type B trichothecenes, fumonisins, and zearalenone

Authors: DASIREDDY, JOSEPH RISHITHA - University Of Georgia; KAPPARI, LAHARIKA - University Of Georgia; PENDER, CHASITY - Dsm; DOUPOVEC, BARBARA - Dsm Animal Nutrition And Health; MURUGESAN, G.RAJ - Dsm Animal Nutrition And Health; APPLEGATE, TODD - University Of Georgia; Shanmugasundaram, Revathi

Submitted to: Poultry Science Association Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/28/2024
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: N/A

Technical Abstract: Mycotoxin deactivators have emerged as a potential solution to mitigate the harmful effects of mycotoxin contamination in feed. The enzymatic technologies present in these deactivators biotransform the toxins into non-toxic metabolites in the chicken digestive tract. This study investigated the effect of mycotoxin deactivators on the growth performance, inflammation, and immune response of broilers when exposed to fumonisins (FB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), and zearalenone (ZEA). A total of 360 one-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were allocated into a 2×2 factorial arrangement with six replicates per group (n = 6). The treatment groups were Control, 0.1% Mycotoxin deactivator, Mycotoxin, and Mycotoxin + 0.1% Mycotoxin deactivator (Biofix Select with FUMzyme, dsm-firmenich). The analyzed mycotoxin content of the basal, mycotoxin, and mycotoxin + 0.1% mycotoxin deactivator diets was 2.6mg FB1 + 0.9mg DON + 0.07mg ZEA, 8.5mg FUM + 3.8mg DON + 0.6 mg ZEA, and 10.2 mg FB1 + 4.6 mg DON + 1 mg ZEA per kg of feed, respectively. All treatment diets contain an average of 0.5 mg of other Type B trichothecenes (15-acetyl DON, 3-acetyl DON) per kg of feed. The data was analyzed using a two-way ANOVA with significance declared at P < 0.05. On d35, there were no significant interaction effects between treatment groups on BWG (P > 0.05). Birds in the mycotoxin group had numerically decreased BWG by 1.9% compared to the control group (P > 0.05), whereas birds in the mycotoxin deactivator group had numerically increased BWG by 3.5% compared to the control group (P > 0.05). On d35, there were no significant main effects between treatment groups on FCR (P >0.05); however, mycotoxin deactivator decreased the FCR numerically by 2 points compared to the control group. On d35, there were significant interaction effects between treatment groups on the cecal tonsil CD8+:CD4+ ratio (P < 0.05). Birds in the mycotoxin group had significantly decreased cecal tonsil CD8+:CD4+ by 63.3% compared to the control group (P < 0.05), but birds in the mycotoxin + mycotoxin deactivator group had increased the cecal tonsil CD8+:CD4+ ratio by 20.04% compared to the control group. On d35, there were no significant interactions or main effects on the nitric oxide production between treatment groups for splenic macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (P > 0.05). In conclusion, the mycotoxin deactivator had a significant positive impact on the immune response of the mycotoxin-exposed birds, even though there was a limited effect on growth performance. Further studies with different concentrations of mycotoxin deactivators are required to further evaluate the effects on broiler production performance.