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Title: A COMPARISON OF ANALYTICAL SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES FOR THE DETERMINATION OF OIL AND FAT IN OILSEEDS AND GROUND BEEF

Author
item Taylor, Scott
item Eller, Fred
item King, Jerry

Submitted to: Pittsburgh Conference
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/1/1998
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE)was applied to determining total fat in five oilseed matrices and three ground beef samples. Lipid content was determined using both gravimetric analysis as well as the sum of all fatty acids, expressed as triglycerides, from the gas chromatography (GC) profiles of the fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). The latter analysis is required by the Nutritional Labeling and Education Act of 1990 which redefined the determination of fat for nutritional labeling purposes. The oilseed results obtained by GC FAME analysis were compared to gravimetrically determined data from a collaborative study conducted by the American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS) and the Association of Official Analytical Chemists International (AOAC) which included data determined by AOCS Official Methods and SFE. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) of percent total oil/fat indicated there was a significant effect of the fat determination method for both the oilseeds and the ground beef samples. For the oilseeds, GC FAME determinations yielded higher oil recoveries than the gravimetric methods. For the ground beef samples, the gravimetric data were higher than the GC FAME data. Quantitating total fat by GC FAME analysis provided a more exacting analysis. This research substantiates the use of SFE as a suitable replacement technique for traditional, organic solvent based extraction methods for the determination of fat/oil content in agriculturally derived products.