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ARS Home » Northeast Area » Beltsville, Maryland (BHNRC) » Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center » Food Surveys Research Group » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #312108
Title: Flavonoid Values for USDA Survey Foods and Beverages 2007-2008: Provisional Flavonoid Addendum, FNDDS 4.1 and Flavonoid Intake Data, WWEIA, NHANES 2007-2008

Author
item Sebastian, Rhonda
item Goldman, Joseph
item Martin, Carrie
item Steinfeldt, Lois
item Enns, Cecilia
item Moshfegh, Alanna

Submitted to: Worldwide Web Site: Food Surveys Research Group
Publication Type: Review Article
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/3/2014
Publication Date: 12/23/2014
Citation: Sebastian, R.S., Goldman, J.D., Martin, C.L., Steinfeldt, L.C., Enns, C.W., Moshfegh, A.J. 2014. Flavonoid Values for USDA Survey Foods and Beverages 2007-2008: Provisional Flavonoid Addendum, FNDDS 4.1 and Flavonoid Intake Data, WWEIA, NHANES 2007-2008. Worldwide Web Site: Food Surveys Research Group. Available: www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=25102.

Interpretive Summary: Flavonoids are bioactive compounds that occur naturally in plants and may play important roles in promoting health and preventing disease. Until now, U.S. databases of flavonoid content have not covered all foods and beverages, limiting the ability to examine relationships between flavonoid intake and health. This public release of the Flavonoid Values for Survey Foods and Beverages 2007-2008 on the Internet makes it possible, for the first time, to calculate flavonoid intakes based on all foods and beverages reported in the large-scale Federal food consumption survey What We Eat in America (WWEIA), the dietary intake interview component of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). This release has two components. The first component, the Provisional Flavonoid Addendum, provides flavonoid values for all 7,174 foods in USDA’s Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS) version 4.1, which corresponds to WWEIA, NHANES 2007-2008. This addendum can be used with WWEIA, NHANES data or in other dietary studies. The second component, the Flavonoid Intake Data Files, provides flavonoid intake data for 9,255 individuals who participated in WWEIA, NHANES 2007-2008. Linked with health indicators from other components of NHANES, the flavonoid intake data provide opportunities to study relationships between flavonoid intakes and health conditions. Both the Provisional Flavonoid Addendum and the Flavonoid Intake Data Files may be downloaded from the Web site of the USDA Food Surveys Research Group at www.ars.usda.gov/ba/bhnrc/fsrg, along with extensive documentation, thus putting these valuable dietary research tools at the fingertips of users. The Flavonoid Values for Survey Foods 2007-2008 will be used by epidemiologists and other researchers studying diet-disease relationships related to flavonoids, as well as by policymakers in setting national dietary guidance for flavonoids. Both of these types of use have the potential to benefit the U.S. population as a whole, by increasing knowledge related to flavonoid intake and health.

Technical Abstract: This release of the Flavonoid Values for Survey Foods and Beverages 2007-2008 makes possible, for the first time, calculation of flavonoid intakes based on all foods and beverages reported in national surveys. This release has two components. The first component is an addendum to USDA’s Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS), the database used in coding foods/beverages and portion sizes and calculating nutrients in What We Eat in America (WWEIA), the dietary intake interview component of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The Provisional Flavonoid Addendum corresponds to FNDDS 4.1, the version used in processing dietary intakes from WWEIA, NHANES 2007-2008. For all 7,174 foods in FNDDS 4.1, the addendum includes values (mg per 100 gm of food) for 29 individual flavonoids in six classes. Flavonoid values in the addendum are based on values in USDA’s Expanded Database for the Assessment of Dietary Intakes (FDB-EXP) Release 1. The second component of this release is a set of four Flavonoid Intake Data Files documenting intake from WWEIA, NHANES 2007-2008. Data were collected in 2 non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls from 9,255 individuals. For each day of intake, there are two Flavonoid Intake Data Files: a Total Nutrients File and an Individual Foods File. The Individual Foods File contains information about each food eaten by a respondent, including its flavonoid contributions. The Total Nutrients File contains, for each participant, daily aggregates of total flavonoids, each flavonoid class, and each individual flavonoid. Sample weights are provided that can be used to calculate intake estimates representative of the U.S. population. Both the Provisional Flavonoid Addendum and the Flavonoid Intake Data Files may be downloaded from the Web site of the USDA Food Surveys Research Group at www.ars.usda.gov/ba/bhnrc/fsrg. The addendum is available in three formats: as a Microsoft Access® database, as a SAS® dataset, and as ASCII text files. The data files are available only as SAS® files. A documentation file (PDF) is included in each download package and provides detailed information about file formats, application of FDB-EXP in the creation of the addendum, and limitations of the database.