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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Athens, Georgia » U.S. National Poultry Research Center » Quality and Safety Assessment Research Unit » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #414112
Research Project: Assessment of Quality Attributes of Poultry Products, Grain, Seed, Nuts, and Feed

Location: Quality and Safety Assessment Research Unit

Title: Biochemical and genotype analyses with spaghetti meat condition in chicken breast

Author
item Kong, Byungwhi
item SHAKERI, MAJID - Oak Ridge Institute For Science And Education (ORISE)
item CHOI, JANGHAN - Oak Ridge Institute For Science And Education (ORISE)
item Zhuang, Hong
item Bowker, Brian

Submitted to: Poultry Science Association Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/28/2024
Publication Date: 7/15/2024
Citation: Kong, B.C., Shakeri, M., Choi, J., Zhuang, H., Bowker, B.C. 2024. Biochemical and genotype analyses with spaghetti meat condition in chicken breast. Poultry Science Association Meeting Abstract. No. 551P: 250-251.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Spaghetti meat (SM) is an emerging chicken breast myopathy displaying a loss of integrity of fiber bundles, which appears soft and mushy, and loosely connected, resembling spaghetti pasta. To understand genetic susceptibility and biochemical alterations occurring in SM, we conducted multi-omics analyses including a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) assay for proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics and an RNA sequencing-based genotyping. Differentially abundant proteins, metabolites, and lipid species plus single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in SM compared with normal control (CON) meat. The results were integrated for biological interpretations. Chicken breast fillets (8 CON and 8 SM) were collected at a commercial broiler processing plant. For LC-MS assay, chicken breast meat samples were homogenized by bead blasting, homogenates were digested by trypsin, and lysates were extracted. Differential abundances were calculated using t-tests and calculated p-values were adjusted to false discovery rate (FDR). RNA sequencing using 50 bp single-end read method was conducted with total RNA extracted from breast meat. From LC-MS assay, a total of 2593 molecules, including 1903 proteins, 506 lipids, 181 metabolites, and 3 electrolytes were identified. Of those, differentially abundant molecules, based on FDR < 0.05, in SM group included 151 proteins, 17 lipids, 17 metabolites, and no electrolytes. Differentially abundant proteins, lipids, and metabolites in SM indicated increased nonsense mediated decay activities, decreased glucose metabolism, decreased NAD+, decreased lactic acid, increased triglycerides (TG), and decreased lipid species including plasmenylphosphatidylcholines (Plasmenyl-PC), acylcarnitines (AC), and phosphatidic acids (PA). From RNA sequencing analysis, only SNPs in mRNA transcripts were considered, and a total of 188 SNPs identified in mRNA transcripts include 43 homozygous- and 145 heterozygous variants in this study. Results in this study provide insights into potential genetic components and biochemical alterations that may be associated with susceptibilities of chicken breast to SM condition and quality of SM defects in chicken breast meat.