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Research Project: Improvement and Maintenance of Flavor, Shelf Life, Functional Characteristics, and Biochemical/Bioactive Components in Peanuts, Peanut Products and Related Commodities through Improved Handling, ...

Location: Food Science and Market Quality and Handling Research Unit

Title: Tracking of wild allele introgressions in a peanut chromosome segment substitution line population

Author
item GIMODE, D - University Of Georgia
item BERTIOLI, S - University Of Georgia
item BERTIOLI, D - University Of Georgia
item CLEVENGER, J - University Of Georgia
item Dean, Lisa
item FONCEKA, D - Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique
item OZIAS-AKINS, P - University Of Georgia

Submitted to: American Peanut Research and Education Society Abstracts
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/31/2017
Publication Date: 7/12/2017
Citation: Gimode, D., Bertioli, S., Bertioli, D., Clevenger, J., Dean, L.L., Fonceka, D., Ozias-Akins, P. 2017. Tracking of wild allele introgressions in a peanut chromosome segement substitution line population. American Peanut Research and Education Society Abstracts. Vol. 49.

Interpretive Summary: The peanut crop is limited in its genetic diversity due to the relatively short period of time it has been a cultivated plant and the fact that the plants pollinate themselves. There are a number of related wild species that be used to expand the genetic makeup to introduce such important attributes such as plant disease resistance or increased crop yield. This presentation describes the use of interspecific hybridization to create lines with chromosome segments taken from certain wild species. A map of the segments of the genome was created to identify the regions which contain the wild gene portions. Comparisons were made of the peanut oil content and the actual oil composition to determine the effects of the hybridizations.

Technical Abstract: Cultivated peanut arose from the hybridization of the diploids Arachis duranensis (A genome progenitor) and Arachis ipaensis (B genome progenitor), followed by spontaneous chromosome doubling to yield the current allotetraploid state (AABB; 2n=4x=40). This genetic heritage, short period since polyploidization, self-pollinating breeding system, and domestication bottleneck have resulted in a crop with reduced diversity. In order to harness polymorphism from its wild relatives, a chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) population was created via the tetraploid route to interspecific hybridization. The CSSL population was derived by crossing the A and B genome progenitors, doubling the chromosomes of the cross and introgressing chromosome segments from the resultant synthetic allotetraploid into the background of a cultivated variety (Fleur 11). The population was genotyped using the Affymetrix Axiom_Arachis 58K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. SNP genotyping has enabled us to precisely delineate the regions of wild genetic introgression and create a genetic linkage map based on the genotypic data available for this population. Genotyping coupled with analysis of seed oil content and composition, has enabled comparison of introgression lines for significant variation in seed quality traits.