Research Chemist
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Zengshe (Kevin) Liu, Ph.D. ORCID: 0000-0001-6804-6556 |
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Green Materials from Plant Oils
♦ Research Chemist with a PhD in polymer chemistry
o Biopolymers, composites, biolubricants, biosurfactants, antioxidants
♦ Modification of vegetable oils and other renewable materials for industrial applications
♦ Experience collaborating with government, university and industrial partners
♦ Over 90 peer-reviewed publications (ORCID: 0000-0001-6804-6556)
Soybean Oil
♦ Developed clean processes for production of soybean oil polymers in supercritical CO2 and with 3D printing technology which are used for:
o Hydrogels for controlled drug release
o Elastomers for chewing gum base materials
o Matrix for bio-composites
o Polymeric surfactants
o Biolubricants
♦ Produced starch graft copolymers having controlled architecture
Tung Oil and Cardanol Oil
♦ Have produced and evaluated modified products from tung oil and cardanol oil:
o Biopolymers
o PVC plasticizers
o Diesel fuel additives
o Antioxidants
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| 3D-printing machine | 3D-printed composites |
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Nano-hydrogel particles loaded with anti-cancer drug for breast cancer treatment |
Soy-based hydrogel ready for biomedical and surfactants |
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Soybean oil-based crosslinked polymers (PESO) |
Anti-cancer drug (Dox) release from hydrogels |
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CO2 pressure-reactor apparatus |
Tung oil tree |
left-to-right: Cashew Apple, nut, and shell
Cardanol obtained from Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL)
BIO:
Dr. Zengshe (Kevin) Liu is a Research Chemist in the Bio-Oils Research Unit at the USDA National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research in Peoria, IL. Dr. Liu earned B.S. and M.S. degrees from Wuhan University, China in 1978 and 1981, respectively. He was an Associate Professor at Henan University from 1987 to 1989. Dr. Liu earned a Ph.D. from the University of Waterloo, Canada in 1995. His doctoral work focused on swellable polymer supported Wilkinson's catalysts for hydrogen transfer hydrogenation reactions.
Dr. Liu joined ARS in 1999 where his research primarily focuses on polymer chemistry and oleochemistry as they relate to chemical modification of lipids for industrial applications. Over the course of his career with ARS, Dr. Liu has published over 100 manuscripts, book chapters, conference proceedings and presented numerous papers at national and international conferences, often as an invited speaker.
Click to Access my publications.
New High-Value Biobased Materials with Applications Across Industry In-House Appropriated (D) Accession Number:436974 
will take you to the publication reprint.)
-(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Liu, Z., Cheng, H.N., Biswas, A., Jackson, M., Qureshi, N. 2024. Nanocomposites prepared in supercritical carbon dioxide from epoxidized soybean oil, citric acid, and cellulose nanofibers. Journal of Polymers and the Environment. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-024-03471-7. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Cheng, H.N., Biswas, A., Kuzniar, G., Kim, S., Liu, Z., He, Z. 2024. Blends of carboxymethyl cellulose and cottonseed protein as biodegradable films. Polymers. 16(11). Article 1554. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16111554.
Liu, Z., Shah, S.N., Vermillion, K., Cheng, H.N., Biswas, A. 2024. Cis (liquid) to trans (solid) isomerization of Jojoba oil in supercritical CO2 catalyzed by Lewis acid [abstract]. American Chemical Society Fall Meeting: Elevating Chemistry, Denver, CO, August 18-22, 2024.
Liu, Z. 2024. Plant oil-based polymers prepared in supercritical and subcritical CO2 media [abstract]. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) Macro 24, the 50th World Polymer Congress, Coventry, United Kingdom, 7/1/24 - 7/4/24.
Liu, Z. 2023. Vegetable oil-based polymers and composites prepared in "green" media [abstract]. American Chemical Society Southwest Regional Meeting (SWRM 2023), Oklahoma City, OK, November 15-18, 2023. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Liu, Z., Shah, S.N., Vermillion, K., Cheng, H.N., Biswas, A. 2023. Lewis acid catalyzed cis (liquid) to trans (solid) isomerization of Jojoba oil in supercritical CO2. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 54. Article 102902. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102902.
Liu, Z. 2023. Natural epoxy oil (Euphorbia Oil) polymerization in liquid carbon dioxide-green media [abstract]. American Chemical Society Fall Meeting & Exposition: Harnessing the Power of Data, August 13-17, 2023, San Francisco, CA. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Shah, S.N., Liu, Z., Sharma, B.K. 2023. Glycerol Monooleate (GMO): a valuable biobased lubricity and pour point enhancer blend component for the ULSD fuel. ACS Omega. 8(22):19503-19508. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c00889.
Liu, Z. 2023. Selective removal of Pb(II) with lignin-based adsorbent [abstract]. American Oil Chemists' Society Annual Meeting & Exposition. -(Book / Chapter)
Liu, Z., Li, J., Knothe, G.H., Sharma, B.K., Jiang, J. 2023. A novel application of chemically modified eleostearic acid methyl ester (EAME) for improving diesel lubricity. In: Liu, Z., Kraus, G., editors. Green Materials and Green Materials from Plant Oils and Natural Acids. Vol. 83. London, UK:Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 159-169. -(Book / Chapter)
Shah, S.N., Liu, Z. 2023. Natural epoxy oil (Euphorbia oil) polymerization in liquid carbon dioxide-green solvents.In: Liu, Z, Kraus, G., editors. Green Chemistry and Green Materials from Plant Oils and Natural Acids. Volume 83. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry Publishing. p. 23-41. https://doi.org/10.1039/9781837671595. -(Book / Chapter)
Liu, Z., Kraus, G. 2023. Green chemistry and green materials from plant oils and natural acids. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry Publishing. Volume 83, 280 p. https://doi.org/10.1039/9781837671595. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Zhang, X., Liu, Z., Qu, D. 2022. Proof-of-Concept study of ion-exchange method for the recycling of LiFePO4 cathode. Waste Management. 157:1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2022.12.003. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Xiao, L., Li, W., Liu, Z., Zhang, K., Li, S., Wang, Y., Chen, J., Huang, J., Nie, X. 2022. Tung oil-derived epoxy vitrimers with high mechanical strength, toughness, and excellent recyclability. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 10(30):9829-9840. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Li, W., Xiao, L., Wang, Y., Huang, J., Liu, Z., Chen, J., Nie, X. 2022. Thermal-induced self-healing bio-based vitrimers: Shape memory, recyclability, degradation, and intrinsic flame retardancy. Polymer Degradation and Stability. 202. Article 110039. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110039.
Liu, Z. 2022. 3D printing bio-composites with improved performance [abstract]. American Chemical Society. Paper No. 3724392. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Li, Q., Zhang, Y., Liu, Z., Liu, S., Huang, F., Zheng, M. 2022. Novel bacterial cellulose-TiO2 stabilized pickering emulsion for photocatalytic degradation. Cellulose. 29:5223-5234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-022-04604-8. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Liu, Y., Zhou, X., Jin, C., Liu, G., Liu, Z., Kong, Z. 2022. Efficient and rapid removal of typical phenolic compounds from water with biobased porous organic polymers. Industrial Crops and Products. 184. Article 114971. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.114971. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Liu, Z., Vermillion, K., Jin, C., Wang, X., Zhao, W. 2021. NMR study on the oxidation of vegetable oils for assessing the antioxidant function of trehalose. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 36. Article 102134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102134. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Liu, Z., Knetzer, D.A., Wang, J., Chu, F., Lu, C., Calvert, P.D. 2021. 3D printing acrylated epoxidized soybean oil reinforced with functionalized cellulose by UV curing. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 139(4):e51561. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.51561. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Zhang, J., Huang, J., Zhu, G., Yu, X., Cheng, J., Liu, Z., Hu, Y., Shang, Q., Liu, C., Hu, L., Zhou, Y. 2021. Self-healing, recyclable, and removable UV-curable coatings derived from tung oil and malic acid. Green Chemistry. 23(16):5875-5886. https://doi.org/10.1039/d1gc01726h. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Xiao, L., Liu, Z., Li, N., Li, S., Fu, P., Wang, Y., Huang, J., Chen, J., Nie, X. 2020. A hyperbranched polymer from tung oil for the modification of epoxy thermoset with simultaneous improvement in toughness and strength. New Journal of Chemistry (RSC). 44:16856-16863. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9NJ06373K. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Jin, C., Liu, G., Wu, G., Huo, S., Liu, Z., Kong, Z. 2020. Facile fabrication of crown ether functionalized lignin-based biosorbent for the selective removal of Pb(II). Industrial Crops and Products. 155. Article 112829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112829. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sun, T., Zhang, H., Dong, Z., Liu, Z., Zheng, M. 2020. Ultrasonic-promoted enzymatic preparation, identification and multi-active studies of nature-identical phenolic acid glycerol derivatives. RSC Advances. 10:11139-11147. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9RA09830E. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Lv, J., Zhang, X., Yu, N., Su, S., Zhu, J., Deng, L., Liu, Z. 2019. One-pot synthesis of CNC-Ag@AgCl with antifouling and antibacterial properties. Cellulose. 26:7837–7846. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02658-9. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Xiao, L., Liu, Z., Hu, F., Wang, Y., Huang, J., Chen, J., Nie, X. 2019. A renewable tung oil-derived nitrile rubber and its potential use in epoxy-toughening modifiers. RSC Advances. 44:25880-25889. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ra01918a. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Liu, Z., Li, J., Knothe, G., Sharma, B.K., Jiang, J. 2019. Improvement of diesel lubricity by chemically modified tung-oil-based fatty acid esters as additives. Energy and Fuels. 33(6):5110-5115. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b00854.
Liu, Z., Jing, L., Knothe, G., Sharma, B.K., Jiangchung, J. 2019. Modified tung oil-based fatty acid esters used as diesel additives give improved lubricity [abstract]. American Chemical Society National Meeting & Expo. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Dong, Z., Liu, Z., Shi, J., Tang, H., Xiang, X., Huang, F., Zheng, M. 2019. Carbon nanoparticle-stabilized Pickering emulsion as a sustainable and high-performance interfacial catalysis platform for enzymatic esterification/transesterification. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 7(8):7619-7629. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Stone, D.A., Biswas, A., Liu, Z., Boddu, V., Cheng, H.N. 2019. Synthesis and characterization of an iron-containing fatty acid-based ionomer. International Journal of Polymer Science. Vol. 2019, Article ID 3024784, 9 pp. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3024784. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Xiao, Y., Zheng, M., Liu, Z., Shi, J., Huang, F., Luo, X. 2018. Constructing a continuous flow bioreactor based on a hierarchically porous cellulose monolith for ultrafast and nonstop enzymatic esterification/transesterification. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 7(2):2056-2063. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b04471. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Ge, X., Yu, L., Liu, Z., Liu, H., Chen, Y., Chen, L. 2019. Developing acrylated epoxidized soybean oil coating for improving moisture sensitivity and permeability of starch-based film. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 125:370-375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.239. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Luo, C., Wang, C., Tang, J., Zhang, J., Shang, Q., Hu, Y., Wang, H., Wu, Q., Zgou, Y., Lei, W., Liu, Z. 2018. High-performance biobased unsaturated polyester nanocomposites with very low loadings of graphene. Polymers. 10(11):1288. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10111288. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Chen, J., Liu, Z., Wang, K., Huang, J., Li, K., Nie, X., Jiang, J. 2018. Epoxidized castor oil-based diglycidyl-phthalate plasticizer: Synthesis and thermal stabilizing effects on poly(vinyl chloride). Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 136(9):47142. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.47142.
Liu, Z., Biresaw, G., Biswas, A., Cheng, H.N. 2018. Study of physical and tribology properties of soybean oil-based grease formulated with polysoap [abstract]. American Oil Chemists' Society Annual Meeting & Expo. p. 70. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Chen, J., Liu, Z., Nie, X., Zhou, Y., Jiang, J., Murray, R.E. 2018. Plasticizers derived from cardanol: Synthesis and plasticization properties for poly(vinyl chloride). Journal of Polymer Research. 25:128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-018-1524-4. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Liu, Z., Biresaw, G., Biswas, A., Cheng, H.N. 2018. Effect of polysoap on the physical and tribological properties of soybean oil-based grease. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 95(5):629-634. https://doi.org/10.1002/aocs.12069.
Biresaw, G., Bantchev, G.B., Liu, Z., Harry O Kuru, R.E. 2018. Advances in biobased lubricant additive development [abstract]. International Symposium on Surfactants in Solution. p. 18. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Chen, J., Liu, Z., Nie, X., Jiang, J. 2018. Synthesis and application of a novel environmental C26 diglycidyl ester plasticizer based on castor oil for poly(vinyl chloride). Journal of Materials Science. 53(12):8909-8920. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-2206-7. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Li, R., Jin, Z.T., Liu, Z., Liu, L.S. 2018. Antimicrobial double-layer coating prepared from pure or doped-titanium dioxide and binders. Coatings. 8(1):41-51. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Tisserat, B., Liu, Z., Haverhals, L.M. 2018. Lignocellulosic composites prepared utilizing aqueous alkaline/urea solutions with cold temperatures. International Journal of Polymer Science. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1654295.
Liu, Z., Tisserat, B.H. 2018. Coating applications to natural fiber composites to improve their physical, surface and water absorption characters. Industrial Crops and Products. 112:196-199.
Biswas, A., Liu, Z., Furtado, R., Alves, C.R., Cheng, H.N. 2017. Novel polymeric products derived from biodiesel. In: Cheng, H.N., Maryanoff, C.A., Miller, B.D., Schmidt, D.G., editors. Stereochemistry and Global Connectivity: The Legacy of Ernest L. Eliel Volume 2. ACS Symposium Series 1258. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society. p. 207-220.
Liu, C., Liu, Z., Tisserat, B., Wang, R., Schuman, T.P., Zhou, Y., Hu, L. 2017. Microwave-assisted maleation of tung oil for bio-based products [abstract]. American Oil Chemists' Society Annual Meeting. p. 26. -(Review Article)
Cheng, W.W., Liu, G.Q., Wang, L.Q., Liu, Z. 2017. Glycidyl fatty acid esters in refined edible oils: A review on formation, occurrence, analysis, and elimination methods. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 16:263-281.
Jong, L., Liu, Z. 2017. Biobased composites from cross-linked soybean oil and thermoplastic polyurethane. Polymer Engineering & Science. 57(3):275-282.
Biresaw, G., Bantchev, G.B., Liu, Z., Compton, D.L., Evans, K.O., Murray, R.E. 2017. Biobased lubricant additives. In: Biresaw, G., Mittal, K.L., editors. Surfactants in Tribology. Volume 5. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 401-463. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Biswas, A., Alves, C.R., Trevisan, M.T.S., da Silva, R.L.E., Furtado, R.F., Liu, Z., Cheng, H.N. 2016. Synthesis of a cardanol-amine derivative using an ionic liquid catalyst. Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering. 10(3):425-431.
Sharma, B.K., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2014. Potential of vegetable oils for lubricants. Book Chapter. 269-292. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Liu, C., Shang, Q., Jia, P., Dai, Y., Zhou, Y., Liu, Z. 2016. Tung oil-based unsaturated co-ester macromonomer for thermosetting polymers: Synergetic synthesis and copolymerization with styrene. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 4(6):3437-3449. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Chen, J., Liu, Z., Li, X., Liu, P., Jiang, J., Nie, X. 2016. Thermal behavior of epoxidized cardanol diethyl phosphate as novel renewable plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride). Polymer Degradation and Stability. 126:58-64.
Jong, L., Liu, Z. 2016. Biobased composites from thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and cross-linked acrylated-epoxidized soybean oil [abstract]. American Chemical Society National Meeting. p. 288.
Liu, Z., Chen, J., Knothe, G.H., Nie, X., Jiang, J. 2016. A novel cardanol-based antioxidant and its application in vegetable oils and biodiesel [abstract]. American Oil Chemists' Society Annual Meeting and Expo. p. 60.
Liu, Z., Chen, J., Knothe, G., Nie, X., Jiang, J. 2016. Synthesis of epoxidized cardanol and its antioxidative properties for vegetable oils and biodiesel. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 4(3):901-906. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Biswas, A., Alves, C.R., Trevisan, M.T.S., Berfield, J., Furtado, R.F., Liu, Z., Cheng, H.N. 2016. Derivatives of cardanol through the ene reaction with diethyl azodicarboxylate. Journal of Brazilian Chemical Society. 27(6):1078-1082.
Biswas, A., Liu, Z., Cheng, H.N. 2016. Polymerization of epoxidized triglycerides with fluorosulfonic acid. International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization. 21(1):85-93.
Zhang, X., Fan, X., Solaiman, D., Liu, Z., Yan, R., Mukhopadhyay, S., Ashby, R.D. 2015. Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in vitro and on the surface of spinach leaves by biobased surfactants. Food Control. doi: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.07.026. 60:158-165. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Huang, K., Liu, Z., Zhang, J., Li, S., Li, M., Xia, J., Zhou, Y. 2015. A self-crosslinking thermosetting monomer with both epoxy and anhydride groups derived from Tung oil fatty acids: Synthesis and properties. European Polymer Journal. 70:45-54. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Chen, J., Liu, Z., Jiang, J., Nie, X., Zhou, Y., Murray, R.E. 2015. A novel biobased plasticizer of epoxidized cardanol glycidyl ether: Synthesis and application in soft poly(vinyl chloride) films. RSC Advances. 5:56171-56180.
Biswas, A., Appell, M., Liu, Z., Cheng, H.N. 2015. Microwave-assisted synthesis of cyclodextrin polyurethanes. Carbohydrate Polymers. 133:74-79. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.06.044.
Chen, J., Liu, Z., Li, K., Huang, J., Nie, X., Zhou, Y. 2015. Synthesis and application of a natural plasticizer based on cardanol for poly(vinyl chloride). Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 132(35). doi: 10.1002/APP.42465.
Huang, K., Liu, Z., Zhang, J., Li, S., Li, M., Xia, J., Zhou, Y. 2015. A self-crosslinking thermosetting monomer with both epoxy and anhydride groups derived from tung oil fatty acids: Synthesis and properties [abstract]. American Oil Chemists' Society Meeting. Abstract No. 61916.
Liu, Z., Chen, J. 2015. Exploring application of cardanol from natural resource: Chemistry and products. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Bio-based Polymer Materials Conference, April 22-23, 2015, Linyi, China. p. 21. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Chen, J., Nie, X., Liu, Z., Mi, Z., Zhou, Y. 2015. Synthesis and application of polyepoxide cardanol glycidyl ether as biobased polyepoxide reactive diluent for epoxy resin. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 3(6):1164-1171. DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b00095. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Biswas, A., Liu, Z., Berfield, J.L., Cheng, H.N. 2015. Synthesis of novel plant oil derivatives: Furan and Diels-Alder reaction products. International Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 3(2):28-35.
Tisserat, B., Liu, Z., Finkenstadt, V.L., Lewandowski, B., Ott, S., Reifschneider, L. 2015. 3D printing biocomposites. Plastics Research Online. DOI: 10.2417/spepro.005690.
Liu, C., Liu, Z., Tisserat, B.H., Wang, R., Schuman, T.P., Zhou, Y., Hu, L. 2015. Microwave-assisted maleation of tung oil for bio-based products with versatile applications. Industrial Crops and Products. 71:185-196.
Doll, K.M., Moser, B.R., Liu, Z., Murray, R.E. 2016. Producing monomers and polymers from plant oils. In: Sharma, B.K., Biresaw, G., editors. Environmentally Friendly and Biobased Lubricants. Boca Raton: CRC Press. p. 79-98. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Liu, Z., Sharma, B.K., Erhan, S.Z., Biswas, A., Wang, R., Schuman, T.P. 2015. Oxidation and low temperature stability of polymerized soybean oil-based lubricants. Thermochimica Acta. 601:9-16.
Tisserat, B., Liu, Z. 2014. Production of low-cost polyesters by microwaving heating of carboxylic acids and polyol blends. In: Liu, Z., Kraus, G., editors. Green Materials from Plant Oils. Cambridge, England: Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 147-162.
Liu, Z. 2014. Preparation of biopolymers from plant oils in green media. In: Liu, Z., Kraus, G., editors. Green Materials from Plant Oils. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 41-58.
Liu, Z., Biresaw, G. 2015. Soy-based polymeric surfactants prepared in carbon dioxide media and influence of structure on their surface properties. In: Biresaw, G., Mittal, K., editors. Surfactants in Tribology. Volume IV. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis. p. 419-442.
Xu, J., Liu, Z., Kim, S., Liu, S.X. 2014. Rheological properties of a biological thermo-responsive hydrogel prepared from vegetable oil. Meeting Abstract. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Huang, K., Liu, Z., Zhang, J., Xia, J., Zhou, Y. 2014. Epoxy monomers derived from tung oil fatty acids and its regulable thermosets cured in two synergistic ways. Biomacromolecules. 15:837-843.
Biswas, A., Cheng, H.N., Klasson, K.T., Liu, Z., Berfield, J.L., Ayorinde, F.O. 2014. Direct polymerization of vernonia oil through cationic means. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 91(12):2111-2116.
Huang, K., Liu, Z., Zhang, J., Li, S., Li, M., Xia, J., Zhou, Y. 2014. Thermosets of epoxy monomer from Tung oil fatty acids cured in two synergistic ways. American Oil Chemists' Society Annual Meeting & Expo. p. 54.
Liu, Z. 2013. Plant oil-based polymers prepared in green media and functionalized into useful materials. Proceedings of 2013 First International Biobased Macromolecule Material Forum, November 13-15, 2013, Ningbo, China. p. 78-79. -(Peer Reviewed Journal)
Liu, C., Wang, Z., Huang, Y., Xie, H., Liu, Z., Chen, Y., Lei, W., Hu, L., Zhou, Y., Cheng, R. 2013. One-pot preparation of unsaturated polyester nanocomposites containing functionalized graphene sheets via a novel solvent-exchange method. RSC Advances. 3:22830-22388.
Biswas, A., Cheng, H.N., Kim, S., Liu, Z. 2014. Modified triglyceride oil through reactions with phenyltriazolinedione. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 91:125-131.
Huang, K., Liu, Z., Zhang, J.W., Li, S.H., Li, M., Xia, J.L., Zhou, Y.H. 2013. An epoxy monomer derived from Tung oil fatty acids and its products cured by two synergistic reactions. In: Proceedings of the 13th Pacific Polymer Conference, November 17-22, 2013, Kaoshiung, Taiwan. p. 8-004.
Liu, Z. 2013. Application of hydrated and anhydrous fluroantimonic acids in the polymerization of epoxidized soybean oil [abstract]. American Chemical Society National Meeting & Exposition, September 8-12, 2013, Indianapolis, IN.
Liu, Z. 2013. Preparation of biopolymers from plant oils in green media. BioEnergy Research. 6:1230–1236.
Xu, J., Liu, Z., Kim, S., Liu, S.X. 2013. Rheological properties of a biological thermo-responsive hydrogel produced from soybean oil polymers. Journal of Agricultural Science. 2(2):80-85.
Liu, Z., Knetzer, D.A. 2013. Catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of epoxidized soybean oil by hydrated and anhydrous fluoroantimonic acids. Green Materials. 1:87-95.
Liu, Z., Biswas, A. 2013. Fluoroantimonic acid hexahydrate (HSbF6-6H2O) catalysis: The ring-opening polymerization of epoxidized soybean oil. Applied Catalysis A: General. 453:370-375.
Liu, Z., Shah, S. 2012. Polymerization of plant oils in carbon dioxide media[abstract]. Proceedings of PolyTech 2012: International Conference on Advanced Polymer Materials and Nanotechnology, December 15-17, 2012, Pune, India. p. 42.
Liu, Z. 2012. Ring-opening polymerization of epoxidized soybean oil catalyzed by the superacid, Fluroantimonic acid hexahydrate (HSbF6-6H2O). Proceedings of the 41st Annual Meeting United States-Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources, Bioenergy and Green Chemistry Panel, December 8-12, 2012, New Orleans, LA. p. 2.
Liu, Z. 2012. Preparation of biopolymers from plant oils in green media. Proceedings of the International Conference on Biomass-Energy Technologies, October 22-24, 2012, Nanjing, China. 1:123-127.
Xu, J., Liu, Z., Kim, S., Liu, S.X. 2012. Rheological properties of a biological thermo-responsive hydrogel produced from soybean oil polymers [abstract]. American Chemical Society National Meeting.
Liu, Z. 2012. Study of soybean oil-based polymers for controlled release anticancer drugs [abstract]. American Chemical Society National Meeting. Cell 029. p. 84.
Liu, Z., Shah, S.N. 2012. Lewis acid catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of natural epoxy oil (Euphorbia oil) in carbon dioxide media [abstract]. Proceedings of the International Conference on Natural Polymers, Bio-Polymers, Bio-Materials, their Composites, Blends, IPNs, Polyelectrolytes and Gels: Macro to Nano Scales (ICNP-2012), October 26-28, 2012, Kottayam, Kerala, India. p. 18.
Liu, Z., Shah, S.N., Evangelista, R.L., Isbell, T. 2013. Polymerization of euphorbia oil with Lewis acid in carbon dioxide media. Industrial Crops and Products. 41:10-16.
Abdekhodaie, M.J., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Wu, X.Y. 2012. Characterization of novel soybean-oil-based thermosensitive amphiphilic polymers for drug delivery applications. Polymer International. 61:1477-1484.
Doll, K.M., Vermillion, K., Fanta, G.F., Liu, Z. 2012. Diffusion coefficients of water in biobased hydrogel polymer matrices by NMR imaging. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 125:E580-E585.
Xu, Q., Nakajima, M., Liu, Z., Shiina, T. 2011. Biosurfactants for microbubble preparation and application. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 12:462-475.
Liu, Z., Shah, S.N. 2011. Oligomerization of jojoba oil in super-critical carbon dioxide (green solvent) for different applications [abstract]. National Seminar on Advances in Polymer Science and Nanotechnology: Design and Structure, December 16-17, 2011, at the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Gujarat, India.
Liu, Z., Shah, S.N. 2011. Oligomerization of jojoba oil in supercritical C02 for cosmeceutical application [abstract]. National Seminar on Nutraceuticals and Plants Used in Human Health, December 10-11, 2011, at the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Gujarat, India.
Liu, Z. 2012. Polymerization of euphorbia oil in carbon dioxide media [abstract]. Annual Meeting and Expo of the American Oil Chemists' Society. p. 4.
Xu, Q., Nakajima, M., Liu, Z., Nakamura, N., Shiina, T. 2011. Preparation of microemulsions with soybean oil-based surfactants [abstract]. Japanese Society of Chemical Engineers.
Xu, Q., Nakajima, M., Liu, Z., Nakamura, N., Shiina, T. 2011. Evaluation of a novel soybean oil-based surfactant for fine emulsion preparation. Household and Personal Care Today. p. 13-15.
Liu, Z., Rempel, G.L. 2011. Removal of transition metals from dilute aqueous solution by carboxylic acid group containing absorbent polymers. Hydrology: Current Research. 2(1):1-6.
Liu, Z. 2011. Green materials prepared by using a green processing method: Plant oil-based polymers prepared in CO2 medium with mild conditions [abstract]. 2nd International Conference on Multifunctional, Hybrid and Nanomaterials. Addendum p. A1.5.1:2.
Xu, Q., Nakajima, M., Liu, Z., Shiina, T. 2011. Soybean-based surfactants and their applications. In: Ng, T.B., editor. Soybean - Applications and Technology. Rijeka, Croatia:InTech Press. p. 341-364.
Tong, L., Cheng, B., Liu, Z., Wang, Y. 2011. Fabrication, structural characterization and sensing properties of polydiacetylene nanofibers templated from anodized aluminum oxide. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 155:584-591.
Liu, Z., Biresaw, G. 2011. Synthesis of soybean oil-based polymeric surfactants in supercritical carbon dioxide and investigation of their surface properties. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 59:1909-1917.
Biresaw, G., Liu, Z. 2010. Surface and interfacial properties of soy-based polysoaps [abstract]. International Symposium on Surfactants in Solution. 29.
Liu, Z., Doll, K.M. 2010. Lewis Acid Catalyzed Ring-opening Polymerization of Epoxidized Soybean Oil in Liquid Carbon Dioxide. Proceedings of the 39th United States-Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources, Bioenergy and Green Chemistry. p. 8.
Liu, Z. 2010. Polymers prepared from plant oils in liquid carbon dioxide [abstract]. International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Meeting. p. 96.
Liu, Z. 2010. Preparation of Soy Polymers by a Green Processing Method [abstract]. Annual Meeting and Expo of the American Oil Chemists' Society. p. 85.
Liu, Z. 2010. Polymerization of Plant Oils in Carbon Dioxide Medium [abstract]. Annual Green Chemistry and Engineering Conference. Paper No. 24.
Liu, Z. 2010. Preparation of Vegetable Oil Polymers by a Green Processing Method [abstract]. 43rd IUPAC Congress, 7/11-16/10, Glasgow, UK. p. F-19-020.
Xu, J., Liu, Z., Kim, S., Liu, S.X. 2010. Rheological Properties of a Biological Thermo-Hydrogel Produced from Soybean Oil Polymers. Meeting Abstract.
Xu, Q., Liu, Z., Nakajima, M., Nakamura, N., Shiina, T. 2010. Properties of a Soybean Oil-based Surfactant and Its Application in Microbubble Preparation [abstract]. Annual Meeting of the Chemical Society of Japan, March 26-29, 2010, Osaka, Japan.
Xu, Q., Liu, Z., Nakajima, M., Ichikawa, S., Nakamura, N., Roy, P., Okadome, H., Shiina, T. 2010. Characterization of a Soybean Oil-based Biosurfactant and Evaluation of its Ability to Form Microbubbles. Bioresource Technology. 101:3711-3717.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2010. Ring-opening Polymerization of Epoxidized Soybean Oil. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 87:437-444.
Abdekhodaie, M.J., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Wu, X.Y. 2009. Molecular Interactions between a Novel Soybean Oil-Based Polymer and Doxorubicin [abstract]. American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists.
Liu, Z. 2009. A New Approach to Prepare Vegetable Oil-Based Polymers [abstract]. World Congress on Oils and Fats and 28th World Congress International Society for Fat Research, September 27-30, 2009, Sydney, Australia.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2010. Preparation of Soybean Oil Polymers with High Molecular Weight. Journal of Polymers and the Environment. 18:243-249.
Liu, Z., Doll, K.M., Holser, R.A. 2009. Boron Trifluoride Catalized Ring-Opening Polymerization of Epoxidized Soybean Oil in Liquid Carbon Dioxide. Green Chemistry. 11:1774-1789.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2009. Preparation of Soypolymers by Ring-opening Polymerization of Epoxdized Soybean Oil [abstract]. Annual Meeting and Expo of the American Oil Chemists' Society.
Abdekhodaie, M.J., Jiao, S., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Wu, X.Y. 2008. Phase Transition Behavior of Novel Soybean Oil-based Thermosensitive Polymers [abstract]. American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists Annual Meeting & Expo, November 16-20, 2008, Atlanta, GA.
Erhan, S.Z., Sharma, B.K., Liu, Z., Adhvaryu, A. 2008. Lubricant Basestock Potential of Chemically Modified Vegetable Oils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 56:8919-8925.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Onwulata, C.I., Mckeon, T.A. 2008. A New Approach to Improve the Water Absorption Behavior of Flax Fibers Reinforced Soy-based Composites [abstract]. United States-Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources.
Abdekhodaie, M.J., Jiao, S., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Wu, X.Y. 2008. Phase Transition Behavior of Novel Soybean Oil-based Thermosensitive Polymers [abstract]. 35th Annual Meeting & Exposition of Controlled Release Society, July 12-16, 2008, New York, NY.
Erhan, S.Z., Liu, Z. 2008. Soy-based Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications [abstract]. 2008 BIO International Convention, June 17-20, 2008, San Diego, CA.
Wang, B., Song, B., Liu, Z., Chen, W. 2008. Temperature Effects on Compressive Properties of Soybean Oil Based Polymers at Various Loading Conditions [abstract]. SEM IX International Congress & Exposition on Experimental and Applied Mechanics, June 2-5, 2008, Orlando, FL.
Xu, J., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2008. Viscoelastic properties of a bio-hydrogel produced from soybean oil. Proceedings of the 8th World Biomaterials Congress. Paper No. 2212.
Liu, Z., Sharma, B.K., Erhan, S.Z. 2008. Low Temperature Properties and Thermal Stability of Oligomerized Soybean Oil [abstract]. Annual Meeting and Expo of the American Oil Chemists' Society.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2008. Preparation and Surface Properties of Soy-Based Polysoaps [abstract]. Soaps, Detergents, Oleochemicals, and Personal Care Products Meeting, April 13-16, 2008, Lake Buena Vista, FL.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2008. A new soy-based hydrogels: development, viscoelastic properties, and application for controlled drug release. In: Parris, N., Liu, L.S., Song, C. and Shastri, V.P., editors. New Delivery Systems for Controlled Drug Release from Naturally Occurring Materials. American Chemical Society Symposium Series 992, Chapter 2. Washington, DC: ACS Press. p. 17-38.
Sharma, B.K., Liu, Z., Adhvaryu, A., Erhan, S.Z. 2008. One-pot synthesis of chemically modified vegetable oils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 56:3049-3056.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2008. "Green" composites and nanocomposites from soybean oil. Materials Science and Engineering A. 483-484(1-2c):708-711.
Xu, J., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2008. Viscoelastic properties of a biological hydrogel produced from soybean oil. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 85(3):285-290.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2009. Synthesis of Soy Polymers Using a "Green" Processing Method. In: Celina, M.C., Wiggins, J.S., Billingham, N.C., editors. Polymer Degradation and Performance. Chapter 7. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society. p. 70-87.
Biresaw, G., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2008. Investigation of the surface properties of polymeric soaps obtained by ring-opening polymerization of epoxidized soybean oil. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 108(3):1976-1985.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2007. Cationic Polymerization of Vegetable Oils in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide [abstract]. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry International Symposium on Ionic Polymerization, 9/2-9/7/09, Bayreuth, Germany.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2012. Soy-based composites reinforced by modified flax fibers: Preparation and properties. In: Kubica, S., Zaikov, G.E., Liu, L.S., editors. Biochemical Physics and Biodeterioration New Horizons. Toron, Poland: Institute for Engineering of Polymer Materials and Dyes Publishing House. p. 100-118.
Erhan, S.Z., Liu, Z. 2007. Soy-Based Polymers and Their Applications [abstract]. American Chemical Society National Meeting.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2007. Soy-Based Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications. Proceedings of the United States-Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources Food and Agriculture Panel Meeting, October 21-25, 2007, Tsukuba, Japan. p. 161.
Xu, J., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2007. Viscoelastic properties of a biological hydrogel produced from soybean oil [abstract]. IUPAC Congress. p. 89.
Onwulata, C.I., Cooke, P.H., Harden, J., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Akin, D.E., Barton Ii, F.E. 2007. Microstructure of milk-protein-coated flax fibers. Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy. 1(3):372-379.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Akin, D.E., Barton Ii, F.E., Onwulata, C.I., Mckeon, T.A. 2008. Modified flax fibers reinforced soy-based composites: mechanical properties and water absorption behavior. Composite Interfaces. 15:207-220.
Liu, Z., Sharma, B.K., Erhan, S.Z. 2006. From oligomers to molecular giants of soybean oil in supercritical carbon dioxide medium: 1. Preparation of polymers with lower molecular weight from soybean oil. Biomacromolecules. 8:233-239.
Song, B., Chen, W., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2006. Dynamic compressive behavior of epoxidized soybean oil/clay nanocomposites [abstract]. U.S. Congress Of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (USNCTAM), University of Colorado at Boulder. p. 59.
Wong, H.L., Rauth, A.M., Bendayan, R., Manias, J.L., Ramaswamy, M., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Wu, X.Y. 2006. A new polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticle system increases cytotoxicity of doxorubicin against multidrug-resistant human breast cancer cells. Pharmaceutical Research. 23(7):1574-1585.
Liu, Z., Sharma, B.K., Erhan, S.Z. 2006. From oligomer to molecular giants of soybean oil in supercritical carbon dioxide medium [abstract]. 97th American Oil Chemists' Society Annual Meeting and Expo. p. 73.
Erhan, S.Z., Liu, Z. 2006. Soy-based thermosensitive polymers for control release systems [abstract]. BIO 2006 International Convention, Innovative Corridor Poster Session. p. 39.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Akin, D.E., Barton II, F.E. 2006. Green composites from renewable resources: Preparation of epoxidized soybean oil and flax fiber composites. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 54:2134-2137.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Calvert, P. 2007. Solid freeform fabrication of epoxidized soybean oil/epoxy composite with bis or polyalkyleneamine curing agents. Composites: Part A 38:87-93.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2006. "Green" composites and nanocomposites from soybean oil [abstract]. 14th International Conference on the Strength of Materials (ICSMA14). p. 103.
Sharma, B.K., Adhvaryu, A., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2006. Chemical modification of vegetable oils for lubricant applications. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 83(2):129-136.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Xu, J. 2005. Preparation, characterization and mechanical properties of epoxidized soybean oil/clay nanocomposites. Polymer. 46:10119-10127.
Song, B., Chen, W., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2006. Compressive Properties of Epoxidized Soybean Oil/Clay Nanocomposites. International Journal of Plasticity. 22:1549-1568.
Erhan, S.Z., Liu, Z. 2005. Development of thermosensitive polymers for control release systems [abstract]. PacifiChem 2005, December 15-20, 2005, Honolulu, Hawaii. p. 685.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2005. Development of soy composites by direct deposition. In: Erhan, S.Z., editor. Industrial Uses of Vegetable Oils. Champaign, IL: AOCS Press. Chapter 7. p. 131-142.
Song, B., Chen, W., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2006. Compressive properties of soybean oil-based polymers at quasi-static and dynamic strain rates. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 99:2759-2770.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Akin, D.E., Barton Ii, F.E. 2005. Development of soybean oil/flax fiber based composites by compression molding method. Annual Meeting and Expo of the American Oil Chemists' Society. pg. 106
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2005. Preparation of epoxidized soybean oil/clay nanocomposites. World Oleochemical Conference. p. 145.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2004. Study on viscoelastic and energy absorbing properties of epoxidized soybean oil polymers. Great Lakes Regional American Chemical Society Symposium.
Xu, J., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Carriere, C.J. 2004. Cross-linkers control the viscoelastic properties of soybean oil based biomaterials. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 81(8):813-816.
Liu, Z., Akin, D.E., Barton Ii, F.E., Onwulata, C.I., Erhan, S.Z. 2004. Preparation of soy-based composites reinforced with protein coated flax fiber. UJNR Food & Agricultural Panel Proceedings. p. 134.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Calvert, P.D. 2004. Solid freeform fabrication of soybean oil based composites reinforced with clay and fibers. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 81(6):605-610.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2004. Viscoelastic and energy absorbing properties of soybased materials. Annual Meeting and Expo of the American Oil Chemists' Society. p. 75.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Xu, J. 2004. Preparation, characterization and mechanical properties of epoxidized soybean oil/clay nanocomposites. Materials Research Society Proceedings. p. 322.
Erhan, S.Z., Liu, Z. 2004. Solid freeform fabrication method: epoxidized soybean oil based composites. American Association of Cereal Chemists Meetings.
Adhvaryu, A., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2005. Synthesis of novel triacylglycerol molecule with improved high and low temperature behavior. Industrial Crops and Products. 21:113-119.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Xu, J. 2004. Preparation, characterization and mechanical properties of epoxidized soybean oil/clay nanocomposites [abstract]. Materials Research Society Proceedings.
Sharma, B.K., Adhvaryu, A., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2004. Tribological and oxidation properties of chemically modified vegetable oils as lubricants. Annual Meeting and Expo of the American Oil Chemists' Society. p. 78.
Shogren, R.L., Petrovic, Z., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2004. Biodegradation behavior of some vegetable oil-based polymers [abstract]. Polymers and the Environment. 12(3):492351:173-178.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Calvert, P.D. 2004. Solid freeform fabrication of epoxidized soybean oil/epoxy composites with di, tri, and polyethylene amine curing agents. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 93:356-363.
Erhan, S.Z., Liu, Z. 2004. Soybean oil based composites. International Soybean Processing and Utilization Conference. p. 738-744.
Erhan, S.Z., Adhvaryu, A., Liu, Z. 2003. Chemical modification of vegetable oils for lubricant basestocks. American Society of Mechanical Engineers. p. 369-380.
Erhan, S.Z., Liu, Z. 2003. Development of soybean oil-based energy absorbing materials. UJNR Food & Agricultural Panel Proceedings.
Shogren, R.L., Petrovic, Z., Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z. 2003. Biodegradation behavior of some vegetable oil-based polymers. Bio Environmental Polymer Society. p. 37.
LIU, Z., ERHAN, S.Z., BIRESAW, G. STUDY ON SURFACE ACTIVITIES OF POLYMER SURFACTANT BY RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION OF EPOXIDIZED SOYBEAN OIL. ANNUAL MEETING AND EXPO OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY. 2003. p.81.
ERHAN, S.Z., ADHVARYU, A., LIU, Z. CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF VEGETABLE OILS FOR LUBRICANT BASESTOCKS. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS,Salszburg, Austria, 5/2003. pp.369-380.
ADHVARYU, A., LIU, Z., ERHAN, S.Z. CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF VEGETABLE OIL FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS. SOCIETY OF TRIBOLOGISTS AND LUBRICATION ENGINEERS, New York, NY. 2003. pp.106.
LIU, Z., ERHAN, S.Z., AKIN, D.E., BARTON II, F.E. PREPARATION OF SOYBEAN OIL BASED COMPOSITES REINFORCED WITH FLAX FIBER. UNITED STATES JAPAN NATURAL RESOURCES PROTEIN PANEL. 2002. Abstract. p.NN-1.
Liu, Z., Erhan, S.Z., Akin, D.E., Barton Ii, F.E. 2002. Preparation of Soybean Oil Based Composites Reinforced with Flax Fiber. United States Japan Natural Resources Protein Panel.
ERHAN, S.Z., ADHVARYU, A., LIU, Z. USE OF SOYBEAN OIL IN FUNCTIONAL FLUIDS. MEETING ABSTRACT, Soy Conference and Exhibition, Beijing, China. 2002. pp.34
LIU, Z., ERHAN, S.Z. EXTRUSION FREEFORM FABRICATION OF SOYBEAN OIL BASED COMPOSITES BY DIRECT DEPOSITION. Proceedings of International Soy Conference. 2002. p.NN-1-NN-8.
ERHAN, S.Z., ADHVARYU, A., LIU, Z. USE OF SOYBEAN OIL IN FUNCTIONAL FLUIDS. International Soy Conference and Exhibition, Iguassu Falls, PR, Brazil, 6/2-6/2002. pp.292-293.
